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Shloka 17

अध्याय १२२ — कृष्णस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛṣṇa’s Ethical Counsel to Duryodhana

नावमान्यास्त्वया राजन्नधमोत्कृष्टम ध्यमा: । न हि मानप्रदग्धानां कश्चिदस्ति शम: क्वचित्‌,राजन! तुम्हें ऊँचे, नीचे एवं मध्यम वर्गके लोगोंका कभी अपमान नहीं करना चाहिये। जो लोग अभिमानकी आगमें जल रहे हैं, उनके उस संतापको शान्त करनेका कहीं कोई उपाय नहीं है

nāvamānyās tvayā rājann adhamotkṛṣṭa-madhyamāḥ | na hi māna-pradagdḥānāṃ kaścid asti śamaḥ kvacit ||

Bhīṣma berkata: “Wahai raja, jangan sekali-kali engkau menghina orang yang berkedudukan rendah, tinggi, atau pertengahan. Bagi mereka yang hangus dibakar api keakuan, tiada di mana-mana pun jalan yang pasti untuk menyejukkan bahang itu.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवमान्याःto be disrespected / worthy of being insulted
अवमान्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवमान्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अधमlow (person)
अधम:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअधम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्कृष्टम्excellent / high (person)
उत्कृष्टम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्कृष्ट
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मध्यमाःmiddling (people)
मध्यमाः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमध्यम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
मान-प्रदग्धानाम्of those burnt by pride
मान-प्रदग्धानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमानप्रदग्ध
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
कश्चित्anyone / anything
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्तिis / exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शमःcalming / pacification
शमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्वचित्anywhere / ever
क्वचित्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्वचित्
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

पितामह् उवाच

B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
K
King (rājan)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should avoid contempt toward anyone—whether low, high, or middle—because wounded pride is hard to soothe; disrespect inflames ego and makes reconciliation difficult.

In the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-setting, Bhīṣma addresses the king with practical dharma: he warns that insulting people across social ranks provokes pride and resentment, undermining peace and wise governance.