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Shloka 59

आयोधनदर्शनम्

Viewing the Battlefield of Kurukṣetra

इतो दुःखतरं कि नु केशव प्रतिभाति मे । यदिमा: कुर्वते सर्वा रवमुच्चावचं स्त्रिय:,“केशव! मेरे लिये इससे बढ़कर महान्‌ दुःख और क्‍या होगा कि ये सारी बहुएँ यहाँ आकर अनेक प्रकारसे आर्तनाद कर रही हैं

ito duḥkhataraṃ ki nu keśava pratibhāti me | yad imāḥ kurvate sarvā ravam uccāvacam striyaḥ ||

Vaiśaṃpāyana berkata: “Wahai Keśava, dukacita apakah yang lebih menghancurkan daripada ini pada pandanganku—bahawa semua wanita ini, berhimpun di sini, mengangkat ratapan dengan pelbagai nada?”

इतःfrom here/than this
इतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतः
दुःखतरम्more painful/greater sorrow
दुःखतरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखतर
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
केशवO Keshava
केशव:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रतिभातिappears/seems
प्रतिभाति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति√भा
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेto me/for me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative/Genitive, Singular
यत्that (because/namely that)
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
इमाःthese
इमाः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
कुर्वतेare doing/making
कुर्वते:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Atmanepada
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
रवम्cry/noise
रवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उच्चावचम्varied/of many kinds (high and low)
उच्चावचम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउच्चावच
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्त्रियःwomen
स्त्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
K
Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)
S
striyaḥ (the women of the Kuru households)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that the gravest consequence of adharma and war is not merely death on the battlefield but the enduring, communal suffering it leaves behind—especially the anguished lament of women who must live with irreversible loss. It invites ethical reflection on the human cost of conflict.

In the Strī Parva’s mourning scenes after the Kurukṣetra war, the women of the Kuru families gather and cry out in varied, piercing laments. Addressing Kṛṣṇa as Keśava, the speaker expresses that nothing feels more painful than hearing and witnessing this collective wailing.