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Shloka 15

Kṣātra-dharma in Campaign and Battle: Protection, Purification, and the Ideal Warrior’s End (क्षात्रधर्मः—अभियानयुद्धे रक्षणदानशुद्धिः)

युद्धमें बाणोंसे पीड़ित हुआ क्षत्रिय जो-जो दुःख सहता है, उस-उस कष्टके द्वारा उसके तपकी ही उत्तरोत्तर वृद्धि होती है; ऐसी धर्मज्ञ पुरुषोंकी मान्यता है ।।

yuddhe bāṇaiḥ pīḍito yaḥ kṣatriyo yaḥ-yaḥ duḥkhaṃ sahate, tasya tasya kaṣṭena tapasas tasya uttarottaraṃ vṛddhir bhavati—iti dharmajñāḥ manyante. pṛṣṭhato bhīravaḥ saṅkhye vartante ’dharma-pūruṣāḥ; śūrāc charaṇam icchantaḥ parjanyād iva jīvanam.

Bhishma berkata: “Di medan perang, apabila seorang kshatriya terluka oleh anak panah dan menanggung apa jua kesakitan yang timbul, setiap penderitaan itu menjadi pertambahan lagi pada tapasnya—demikian pegangan para mengetahui dharma. Namun dalam barisan, yang penakut—manusia berjiwa hina dan tidak berpegang pada dharma—berdiri di belakang; mencari lindungan daripada yang berani, mereka berpaut pada para wira demi perlindungan, sebagaimana segala makhluk mengharap air yang menghidupkan daripada awan hujan.”

पृष्ठतःfrom behind / at the rear
पृष्ठतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठतस्
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from/at the back')
भीरवःcowards
भीरवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीरु
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
संख्येin battle
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormFeminine, locative, singular
वर्तन्तेremain / stand / stay
वर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person, plural, Ātmanepada
अधर्मपूरुषाःunrighteous men
अधर्मपूरुषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्मपूरुष
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
शूरात्from the hero / from the brave man
शूरात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, ablative, singular
शरणम्refuge / protection
शरणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरण
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
इच्छन्तःdesiring
इच्छन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), masculine, nominative, plural
पर्जन्यात्from the rain-cloud
पर्जन्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपर्जन्य
FormMasculine, ablative, singular
इवlike / as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
FormAvyaya (comparative particle)
जीवनम्life / means of living
जीवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीवन
FormNeuter, accusative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
kṣatriya
B
bāṇa (arrows)
P
parjanya (rain-cloud)

Educational Q&A

Enduring pain and hardship in righteous battle is framed as a form of tapas that increases a kshatriya’s merit and moral stature, while cowardice is criticized as dependence on others without sharing the burden of dharma.

Bhishma contrasts two types of men in a battle setting: the true kshatriya who bears arrow-wounds and grows in tapas through endurance, and the fearful, unrighteous men who stay behind the brave and seek their protection like creatures depending on rain for life.