Shloka 22
दुर्ग-निवेश-राजधर्मः | Fortified Capital and the King’s Residential Polity
Rājadharma
Devanagari script
ततस्तेषां विधातव्यं सर्वमेवाप्रमादत: । भक्तान् पूजयता नित्यं द्विषतश्न निगृह्लता
Translation
Bhishma berkata: “Setelah mengetahui gerak-geri mereka, hendaklah segala tindakan balas diatur dengan penuh waspada tanpa kelalaian. Raja patut sentiasa memuliakan para setiawan dan menahan mereka yang menyimpan kebencian.”
Word by Word
ततःthereafter, then
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
तेषाम्of them / for them
तेषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
विधातव्यम्is to be done / should be arranged
विधातव्यम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा (धातु) → विधातव्य (तव्यत्)
Formतव्यत्, Passive necessity (gerundive), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सर्वम्all
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अप्रमादतःwith vigilance / without negligence
अप्रमादतः:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप्रमाद (प्रातिपदिक) → अप्रमादतस् (अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगः)
भक्तान्devoted ones, loyal followers
भक्तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभक्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पूजयताby (one) honoring / while honoring
पूजयता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootपूज् (धातु) → पूजयत् (शतृ) → पूजयता
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
नित्यम्always, constantly
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
द्विषतःthose who hate / enemies
द्विषतः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootद्विष् (धातु) → द्विषत् (शतृ) → द्विषतः
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine/Neuter, Accusative, Plural
निगृह्णताby restraining / while restraining
निगृह्णता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootनि-ग्रह् (धातु) → निगृह्णत् (शतृ) → निगृह्णता
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes