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Shloka 51

Mantri-Parīkṣā — Testing Ministers, Securing Counsel, and Ethical Criteria for Advisers (अध्याय ८४)

राज्यं प्रणिधिमूलं हि मन्त्रसारं प्रचक्षते । स्वामिन त्वनुवर्तन्ते वृत्त्यर्थमिह मन्त्रिण:

rājyaṁ praṇidhimūlaṁ hi mantrasāraṁ pracakṣate | svāmin tv anuvartante vṛttyartham iha mantriṇaḥ ||

Bhishma berkata: “Mereka menyatakan bahawa inti musyawarah dalam pemerintahan raja berakar pada pengawasan yang berjaga-jaga dan penyeliaan yang teliti. Kerana di dunia ini, para menteri mengikuti tuannya terutama demi mencari nafkah.”

राज्यम्kingdom, sovereignty
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रणिधि-मूलम्having spies as its root/foundation
प्रणिधि-मूलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रणिधि-मूल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
मन्त्र-सारम्having counsel as its essence
मन्त्र-सारम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्त्र-सार
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रचक्षतेthey declare, they call
प्रचक्षते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-चक्ष्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
स्वामिन्O master, O lord
स्वामिन्:
TypeNoun
Rootस्वामिन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अनुवर्तन्तेthey follow, they comply with
अनुवर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
वृत्ति-अर्थम्for the sake of livelihood/maintenance
वृत्ति-अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति-अर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इहhere (in this world/context)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
मन्त्रिणःministers, counsellors
मन्त्रिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्रिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
the king (svāmin)
M
ministers (mantriṇaḥ)
K
kingship/state (rājya)

Educational Q&A

Effective governance depends on vigilant oversight as the foundation of sound counsel, because ministers may align with the ruler from practical self-interest (livelihood) rather than pure loyalty; therefore a king must be discerning and monitor administration carefully.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma advises the king on the realities of court politics: counsel (mantra) is only as reliable as the ruler’s supervision, since ministers often serve primarily to sustain their position and income.