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Shloka 45

Treasury Security, Protection of Informants, and the Kalakavṛkṣīya Exemplum (Śānti Parva 83)

सीता नाम नदी राजन्‌ प्लवो यस्यां निमज्जति । तथोपमामिमां मन्ये वागुरां सर्वधातिनीम्‌,राजन! सीता नामसे प्रसिद्ध एक नदी है, जिसमें नाव भी डूब जाती है, वैसी ही यहाँकी राजनीति भी है (इसमें मेरे जैसे सहायकोंके भी डूब जानेकी आशडूका है)। मैं तो इसे समस्त प्राणियोंका विनाश करनेवाली फाँसी ही समझता हूँ

sītā nāma nadī rājan plavo yasyāṁ nimajjati | tathopamām imāṁ manye vāgurāṁ sarvadhātinīm ||

Bhishma berkata: “Wahai Raja, ada sebatang sungai bernama Sītā, yang dikatakan bahkan perahu pun tenggelam di dalamnya. Aku memandang kehidupan politik ini juga demikian—jerat yang melahap segalanya. Ia boleh menenggelamkan bahkan mereka yang cuba membantu dan mengemudinya. Pada hematku, ia laksana tali jerut yang membawa kebinasaan atas segala makhluk.”

सीताSītā (name of the river)
सीता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसीता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name / named
नाम:
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नदीriver
नदी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्लवःboat / raft
प्लवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्लव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यस्याम्in which
यस्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
निमज्जतिsinks
निमज्जति:
TypeVerb
Rootमज्ज्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाthus / similarly
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
उपमाम्comparison / simile
उपमाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपमा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मन्येI think / consider
मन्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada
वागुराम्snare / noose / trap
वागुराम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवागुरा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वधातिनीम्destroying all beings (lit. all-supporting/holding; here: all-consuming)
सर्वधातिनीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वधातिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājan (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira in context)
S
Sītā (river)
P
plava (boat/raft)
V
vāgurā (snare/noose)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma warns that political power and statecraft can become an all-consuming trap: even capable helpers may be overwhelmed. Therefore a ruler must approach governance with vigilance, restraint, and ethical clarity, recognizing how easily policy and intrigue can lead to harm.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhishma addresses the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) and uses a vivid simile: just as a perilous river can sink even a boat, so the realm of politics can drown those engaged in it. He frames governance as morally hazardous if not handled with dharma.