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Shloka 13

Chapter 81: Trust, Allies, and the Qualifications of the King’s Artha-Secretary (अर्थसचिव)

यं मन्येत ममाभावादिममर्थागमं स्पृशेत्‌ । नित्यं तस्माच्छडुकितव्यममित्र तद्‌ विदुर्बुधा:,“अमुक व्यक्ति मेरे मरनेके बाद राजा हो सकता है और धनकी यह सारी आय अपने हाथमें ले सकता है” ऐसी मान्यता जिसके विषयमें हो (वह भाई, पड़ोसी या पुत्र ही क्‍यों न हो) उससे सदा सतर्क ही रहना चाहिये; क्‍योंकि विद्वान्‌ पुरुष उसे शत्रु ही समझते हैं

yaṁ manyeta mamābhāvād imam arthāgamaṁ spṛśet | nityaṁ tasmāc chadukitavyam amitra tad vidur budhāḥ ||

Bhishma berkata: “Jika timbul sangkaan, ‘Apabila aku tiada, orang ini mungkin menjadi raja dan merampas seluruh aliran kekayaan untuk dirinya,’ maka—siapa pun dia, sekalipun saudara, jiran, atau anak—hendaklah sentiasa diawasi dengan waspada. Kerana orang bijaksana mengenali orang sedemikian sebagai musuh.”

यम्whom
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मन्येतmight think/should consider
मन्येत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada (usage)
ममof me / my
मम:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular, —
अभावात्from (my) absence / after (my) non-existence
अभावात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअभाव
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अर्थwealth/benefit
अर्थ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, —, —
आगमम्acquisition/income/coming into possession
आगमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआगम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्पृशेत्might touch/lay hands on/appropriate
स्पृशेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
तस्मात्from him/therefore (from that person)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
षड्six
षड्:
Karma
TypeNumeral
Rootषष्
Form—, —, —
उकितव्यम्should be said/uttered (reading uncertain)
उकितव्यम्:
Karma
TypeVerbal adjective
Rootउकितव्य (from √वच्/उच्, intended sense: 'to be spoken/said')
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अमित्रम्an enemy
अमित्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विदुःknow/consider
विदुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
बुधाःthe wise (men)
बुधाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुध (बुध)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
B
brother
N
neighbor
S
son
E
enemy (amitra)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches political and ethical vigilance: anyone who is believed to be waiting for your death to gain the throne and appropriate wealth should be treated as a potential enemy, regardless of familial or social closeness.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance and conduct, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on recognizing hidden hostility in court and family life—specifically, the danger posed by those who anticipate succession and material gain from one’s demise.