Shloka 20
आपद्धर्मे वैश्यवृत्तिः, विक्रय-निषेधाः, तथा ब्रह्म-क्षत्र-सम्बन्धः
Emergency Livelihood, Prohibited Trade, and Brahman–Kshatra Regulation
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण शस्त्रेण च बलेन च | अमायया मायया च नियन्तव्यं तदा भवेत्
Translation
Bhishma berkata: “Wahai Raja, pada saat itu brāhmaṇa hendaklah berusaha menundukkan golongan kṣatriya dengan tapa dan brahmacarya, dengan senjata dan kekuatan, dengan kelurusan tanpa tipu daya, ataupun dengan siasat—dengan cara apa pun yang mungkin.”
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
ब्रह्मचर्येणby celibacy / student-discipline
ब्रह्मचर्येण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचर्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
शस्त्रेणby weapon
शस्त्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
बलेनby strength
बलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अमाययाby straightforwardness / without deceit
अमायया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअमाया
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
माययाby stratagem / deception
मायया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमाया
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
नियन्तव्यम्is to be restrained / should be controlled
नियन्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-यम्
Formतव्यत्, Neuter, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen / at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
भवेत्would be / should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative, Third, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes