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Shloka 42

राजवृत्त-रक्षा-प्रणिधि-षाड्गुण्योपदेशः

Royal Conduct, Protection, Intelligence, and Policy Measures

यदा हासीदत: पापान्‌ दहत्युग्रेण तेजसा । मिथ्योपचरितो राजा तदा भवति पावक:,जब पापात्मा मनुष्य राजाके साथ मभिथ्या बर्ताव करके उसे ठगते हैं, तब वह अग्निस्वरूप हो जाता है और अपने उग्र तेजसे समीप आये हुए उन पापियोंको जलाकर भस्म कर देता है

yadā hāsīdataḥ pāpān dahaty ugreṇa tejasā | mithyopacarito rājā tadā bhavati pāvakaḥ ||

Vasumanā berkata: Apabila seorang raja dilayani dengan tipu daya dan khidmat yang palsu, maka baginda menjadi seperti Api. Lalu, dengan sinar yang garang, baginda membakar hingga menjadi abu orang-orang berdosa yang mendekatinya—mereka yang hendak menzaliminya melalui kemunafikan dan penipuan. Rangkap ini mengingatkan bahawa pengkhianatan terhadap kewibawaan yang sah akan berbalik menimpa pelakunya, dan kuasa menghukum raja, apabila dicetuskan oleh adharma, menjelma sebagai daya yang menghanguskan.

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
हासीत्abandons / gives up
हासीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (त्यागे)
FormLuṅ (Aorist), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
इदतःfrom this (one)
इदतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootइदत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
पापान्the sinners / the wicked
पापान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
दहतिburns
दहति:
TypeVerb
Rootदह् (दाहे)
FormLaṭ (Present), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
उग्रेणby fierce
उग्रेण:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
तेजसाsplendour / energy
तेजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
मिथ्याfalsely / wrongly
मिथ्या:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथ्या
उपचरितःtreated / dealt with
उपचरितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउपचरित (उप-चर् + क्त)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (सत्तायाम्)
FormLaṭ (Present), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
पावकःfire
पावकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपावक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

वसुमना उवाच

वसुमना (Vasumanā)
राजा (the king)
पावक (fire/Agni, metaphor)

Educational Q&A

Deceitful conduct toward a rightful ruler is self-destructive: when a king is approached with hypocrisy and fraud, his daṇḍa (punitive authority) manifests like fire, consuming the wrongdoers. The ethical point is that adharma directed at governance invites swift and severe consequences.

Vasumanā describes a moral-political principle within rājadharma: if sinful people try to cheat or manipulate the king through false behavior, the king—provoked into rightful punishment—becomes metaphorically ‘fire’ and destroys those offenders who come within his reach.