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Shloka 124

Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)

तेनेयं पृथिवी दुग्धा सस्यानि दश सप्त च | यक्षराक्षसनागैश्वापीप्सितं यस्य यस्य यत्‌

teneyaṁ pṛthivī dugdhā sasyāni daśa sapta ca | yakṣarākṣasanāgaiś cāpīpsitaṁ yasya yasya yat |

Bhīṣma berkata: Oleh baginda, Bumi ini seolah-olah telah “diperas susunya”, lalu mengeluarkan tujuh belas jenis bijirin. Dan dalam kalangan Yakṣa, Rākṣasa, serta Nāga, apa sahaja yang diingini oleh masing-masing, itulah yang baginda keluarkan dari Bumi. Petikan ini menggambarkan kuasa dan tanggungjawab seorang pemerintah untuk menjadikan tanah subur serta mengagihkan hasilnya menurut keperluan dan tabiat makhluk yang berbeza-beza.

तेनby him/thereby
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
इयम्this
इयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पृथिवीearth
पृथिवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दुग्धाwas milked
दुग्धा:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदुह्
FormPast Passive Participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
सस्यानिcrops/grains
सस्यानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसस्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
दशten
दश:
Karma
TypeNumeral
Rootदशन्
FormNeuter (used indeclinably here), Accusative (counting), Plural (sense)
सप्तseven
सप्त:
Karma
TypeNumeral
Rootसप्तन्
FormNeuter (used indeclinably here), Accusative (counting), Plural (sense)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यक्षby/with the Yakshas
यक्ष:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयक्ष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
राक्षसby/with the Rakshasas
राक्षस:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
नागैःby/with the Nagas
नागैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
ईप्सितम्desired (thing)
ईप्सितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootईप्सित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
यत्whatever (thing)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pṛthivī (Earth)
Y
Yakṣas
R
Rākṣasas
N
Nāgas
S
Seventeen kinds of grains (sasyāni)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses the metaphor of ‘milking the Earth’ to express righteous governance: a capable ruler makes the land fruitful and ensures that diverse communities and beings receive what they legitimately seek, reflecting stewardship, order, and welfare rather than exploitation.

Bhīṣma describes a powerful figure who caused the Earth to yield abundant produce—specifically seventeen kinds of grains—and who enabled Yakṣas, Rākṣasas, and Nāgas to obtain from the Earth the particular goods each desired.