Shloka 46

Āścarya-kathana: Brāhmaṇa–Nāga Dialogue on Sūrya (Vivasvat) and the ‘Second Sun’ Phenomenon

Devanagari script

बहिंषद्धयश्न सम्प्राप्त: सामवेदान्तगं द्विजम्‌ । ज्येष्ठ नामाभिविख्यातं॑ ज्येष्ठसामव्रतो हरि:,बर्हिषद्‌ नामक ऋषियोंसे इस धर्मका उपदेश ज्येष्ठ नामसे प्रसिद्ध एक ब्राह्मणको मिला, जो सामवेदके पारंगत विद्वान थे। ज्ये'्ठतामकी उपासनाका उन्होंने व्रत ले रखा था। इसलिये वे ज्येष्ठसामव्रती हरि कहलाते थे

Transliteration

Vaiśampāyana uvāca | Barhiṣad-dhayaśnaḥ samprāptaḥ Sāmavedānta-gaṃ dvijam | Jyeṣṭha-nāmābhivikhyātaṃ Jyeṣṭha-sāma-vrato Hariḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Ajaran tentang dharma ini, yang berpunca daripada resi Barhiṣad Dhayaśna, sampai kepada seorang Brahmana dwija yang masyhur dengan nama Jyeṣṭha. Dia menguasai kebijaksanaan penutup Sāmaveda (Sāmavedānta), dan kerana telah mengambil laku-ikrar (vrata) yang berkaitan dengan Jyeṣṭha-sāman, maka dia dikenali sebagai Hari, sang Jyeṣṭha-sāma-vratin.

Word by Word

• [{'term': 'Vaiśampāyana uvāca', 'definition': 'Vaiśampāyana said (narrator’s speech marker)'}, {'term': 'samprāptaḥ', 'definition': 'reached

• was transmitted to'}, {'term': 'Sāmavedānta-ga', 'definition': 'one who has gone to/attained the end (culmination) of the Sāmaveda

• a consummate knower of Sāmavedic learning'}, {'term': 'dvija', 'definition': 'twice-born

• a Brahmin (or member of the twice-born varṇas), here specifically a Brahmin'}, {'term': 'jyeṣṭha-nāma', 'definition': 'having the name ‘Jyeṣṭha’

• known as Jyeṣṭha'}, {'term': 'abhivikhyāta', 'definition': 'well-known

• renowned'}, {'term': 'vrata', 'definition': 'vow

• disciplined practice'}, {'term': 'Jyeṣṭha-sāma-vrata / Jyeṣṭha-sāman', 'definition': 'an observance connected with a specific Sāmavedic chant (sāman) named ‘Jyeṣṭha’'}, {'term': 'Hariḥ', 'definition': 'Hari (a personal name here

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Barhiṣad Dhayaśna
• Jyeṣṭha (Brahmin)
• Hari (Jyeṣṭha-sāma-vratin)
• Sāmaveda
• Jyeṣṭha-sāman

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how dharma is preserved and conveyed through disciplined lineages: a dharma-instruction is transmitted to a qualified recipient—one renowned, Veda-trained, and committed to a specific vow—implying that ethical teaching is safeguarded by learning (śruti mastery) and practice (vrata).

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana identifies the recipient of a dharma-upadeśa: a Brahmin named Jyeṣṭha, expert in Sāmavedic learning, who is also called Hari because he undertook the Jyeṣṭha-sāman observance; the verse functions as a link in the chain of transmission of the discourse.