Shloka 27

धर्मस्य बहुद्वारत्वम् — Nārada’s Audience with Indra (Śānti-parva 340)

Devanagari script

सत्त्वं रजस्तमश्नेति गुणानेतान्‌ प्रचक्षते । यत्ते सर्वशरीरेषु तिष्ठन्ति विचरन्ति च

Transliteration

sattvaṁ rajas tamaś ceti guṇān etān pracakṣate | yatte sarvaśarīreṣu tiṣṭhanti vicaranti ca ||

Translation

Bhīṣma berkata: Inilah tiga guṇa yang dinyatakan—sattva, rajas, dan tamas. Ia bersemayam dalam semua makhluk yang berjasad dan sentiasa bergerak serta berfungsi di dalamnya, membentuk tingkah laku dan pengalaman.

Word by Word

• सत्त्वम्: sattva (goodness)
• सत्त्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्त्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• रजः: rajas (passion)
• रजः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तमः: tamas (darkness/inertia)
• तमः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अश्नेति: eats/consumes
• अश्नेति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• गुणान्: qualities, guṇas
• गुणान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• एतान्: these
• एतान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• प्रचक्षते: they declare/call
• प्रचक्षते: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-चक्ष्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada

• यत्: which/that (that which)
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• ते: of you/your
• ते: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• सर्व-शरीरेषु: in all bodies
• सर्व-शरीरेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + शरीर
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• तिष्ठन्ति: they stand/abide
• तिष्ठन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• विचरन्ति: they move about/wander
• विचरन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-चर्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• sattva
• rajas
• tamas
• guṇas