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Shloka 29

अश्वशिरो-आख्यानम्

Aśvaśiras / Hayaśiras Narrative: Retrieval of the Vedas

जो सूक्ष्म, अज्ञेय, अव्यक्त, अचल और ध्रुव है, जो इन्द्रियों, विषयों और सम्पूर्ण भूतोंसे परे है, वही सब प्राणियोंका अन्तरात्मा है; अतः क्षेत्रज् नामसे कहा जाता है, वही त्रिगुणातीत तथा पुरुष कहलाता है। उसीसे त्रिगुणमय अव्यक्तकी उत्पत्ति हुई है। द्विजश्रेष्ठ! उसीको व्यक्तभावमें स्थित, अविनाशिनी अव्यक्त प्रकृति कहा गया है

yaḥ sūkṣmaḥ, ajñeyaḥ, avyaktaḥ, acalaḥ ca dhruvaḥ; yaḥ indriyebhyaḥ, viṣayebhyaḥ ca sarvebhyaḥ bhūtebhyaḥ paraḥ; sa eva sarva-prāṇinām antarātmā; ataḥ kṣetrajña-nāmnā ucyate; sa eva triguṇātītaḥ puruṣaḥ ca. tasmāt triguṇamayasya avyaktasya utpattiḥ. dvijaśreṣṭha! sa eva vyakta-bhāve sthitaḥ avināśinī avyakta-prakṛtiḥ iti ucyate.

Nārada berkata: Yang halus, tidak terjangkau pengetahuan, tidak termanifest (avyakta), tidak bergerak dan teguh—melampaui pancaindera, melampaui objek-objeknya, dan melampaui segala makhluk—itulah semata-mata Diri batin (Ātman) bagi semua yang hidup. Maka ia disebut “Knower of the Field” (kṣetrajña), dan juga Puruṣa yang melampaui tiga guṇa. Daripadanya terbit yang tidak termanifest yang tersusun daripada tiga guṇa. Wahai yang terbaik antara kaum dwija! Yang sama itu juga disebut sebagai Prakṛti yang tidak binasa, tidak termanifest, namun bersemayam dalam keadaan termanifest.

yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootyad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
sūkṣmaḥsubtle
sūkṣmaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootsūkṣma
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ajñeyaḥunknowable
ajñeyaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootajñeya
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
avyaktaḥunmanifest
avyaktaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootavyakta
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
acalaḥimmovable
acalaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootacala
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
dhruvaḥfixed, eternal
dhruvaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootdhruva
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootyad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
indriyafrom/than the senses
indriya:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootindriya
FormNeuter, Ablative, Plural
viṣayafrom/than the objects (of sense)
viṣaya:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootviṣaya
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
samastaentire, all
samasta:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootsamasta
FormNeuter, Ablative, Plural
bhūtabeings, elements
bhūta:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootbhūta
FormNeuter, Ablative, Plural
parebeyond
pare:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootpara
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
saḥhe/that
saḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
sarvaof all
sarva:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
prāṇināmof living beings
prāṇinām:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇin
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
antarātmāinner self
antarātmā:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootantarātman
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
astiis
asti:
TypeVerb
Rootas
FormPresent, Third, Singular
ataḥtherefore
ataḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootataḥ
kṣetrajñaknower of the field
kṣetrajña:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootkṣetrajña
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
nāmaby the name
nāma:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootnāman
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
ucyateis called
ucyate:
TypeVerb
Rootvac
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
saḥhe/that
saḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
triguṇātītaḥbeyond the three guṇas
triguṇātītaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Roottriguṇātīta
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
puruṣaḥPuruṣa, spirit
puruṣaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
tasmātfrom that
tasmāt:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
triguṇamayaconsisting of the three guṇas
triguṇamaya:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Roottriguṇamaya
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
avyaktaof the unmanifest (prakṛti)
avyakta:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootavyakta
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
utpattiḥorigin, production
utpattiḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootutpatti
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
abhavatarose, came to be
abhavat:
TypeVerb
Rootbhū
FormAorist, Third, Singular
dvijaśreṣṭhaO best of the twice-born
dvijaśreṣṭha:
TypeNoun
Rootdvijaśreṣṭha
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
tamhim/that
tam:
Karma
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
vyaktabhāvein the state of manifestation
vyaktabhāve:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootvyaktabhāva
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
sthitasituated, abiding
sthita:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootsthita
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
avināśinīmimperishable
avināśinīm:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootavināśinī
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
avyaktāmunmanifest
avyaktām:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootavyaktā
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
prakṛtimPrakṛti, primordial nature
prakṛtim:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootprakṛti
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
āhuḥthey call, they say
āhuḥ:
TypeVerb
Rootah
FormPerfect, Third, Plural

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada

Educational Q&A

The verse identifies the supreme inner Self as subtle and beyond sensory grasp, calling it kṣetrajña (knower of the field) and puruṣa (conscious principle) that transcends the three guṇas. It further links this transcendent principle to the emergence of the guṇa-constituted unmanifest (avyakta) and describes the same reality as imperishable Prakṛti when spoken of in relation to manifestation.

In Śānti Parva’s philosophical instruction, Nārada is explaining to a brāhmaṇa interlocutor the nature of the inner Self and its relation to Prakṛti and the guṇas, using Sāṅkhya-like categories to clarify how the unmanifest and manifest are understood in relation to the transcendent puruṣa.