Shloka 41
Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)
यमे च नियमे चैव कामे द्वेषे परिग्रहे । माने दम्भे तथा स्नेहे सदृशास्ते कुटुम्बिभि:
Janaka uvāca: yame ca niyame caiva kāme dveṣe parigrahe | māne dambhe tathā snehe sadṛśās te kuṭumbibhiḥ ||
Janaka berkata: “Dalam hal pengekangan dan amalan (yama dan niyama), dan juga dalam keinginan, kebencian, keterikatan milik (parigraha), kesombongan, kepura-puraan, serta kasih-lekat—para pertapa, dalam hal ini, tidak berbeza daripada orang berumah tangga. Kerana dengan mengamalkan yama dan niyama, seorang berumah tangga pun boleh mencapai pembebasan; tetapi jika nafsu dan kebencian masih ada, seorang yang meninggalkan dunia pun boleh terhalang daripada kebebasan.”
जनक उवाच
Educational Q&A
External status (renunciant or householder) does not guarantee liberation; inner discipline and freedom from desire, hatred, possessiveness, pride, hypocrisy, and attachment are decisive. A householder practicing yama-niyama can attain moksha, while a renunciant with unresolved passions may fail.
Janaka is speaking in a didactic context within the Śānti Parva, emphasizing that spiritual success depends on inner qualities and conduct rather than the mere adoption of the renunciate life.