Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)
रिपौ मित्रेडथ मध्यस्थे विजये संधिविग्रहे । कृतवान् यो महीपाल: कि तस्मिन् मुक्तलक्षणम्
ripau mitre'tha madhyasthē vijayē sandhi-vigrahē | kṛtavān yo mahīpālaḥ ki tasmin mukta-lakṣaṇam ||
Bhīṣma berkata: “Dalam menghadapi musuh, sahabat, dan pihak berkecuali; serta pada saat menuntut kemenangan, perjanjian damai, atau permusuhan terbuka—jika seorang raja telah bertindak dalam setiap keadaan sebagaimana yang patut, maka apakah tanda pembebasan ketika masih hidup (jīvanmukti) pada dirinya?”
भीष्य उवाच
The verse frames a key inquiry of Śānti Parva: even when a ruler performs correct political duties—discerning friend, enemy, and neutral, and choosing victory, treaty, or war appropriately—liberation is not merely external success. The question points toward inner marks of freedom: non-attachment, equanimity, and dharmic intention amid action.
Bhīṣma, instructing on rājadharma and higher aims, raises a reflective question: if a king has already acted properly in diplomacy and conflict, what additional sign distinguishes him as a liberated person? It sets up discussion on the inner spiritual state alongside outward governance.