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Shloka 29

अव्यक्त–पुरुष–विवेकः (Discrimination of Avyakta/Prakṛti and Puruṣa) — Yājñavalkya’s Anvīkṣikī to Viśvāvasu

एता: प्रकृतयश्चाष्टी विकाराश्चापि षोडश | पज्च चैव विशेषा वै तथा पउ्चेन्द्रियाणि च,ये आठ प्रकृतियाँ हैं। इनसे सोलह तत्त्वोंकी उत्पत्ति होती है, जिन्हें विकार कहते हैं। पाँच ज्ञानेन्द्रियाँ, पाँच कर्मन्द्रियाँ एक मन और पाँच स्थूलभूत--ये सोलह विकार हैं। इनमेंसे आकाश आदि पाँच तत्त्व और पाँच ज्ञानेन्द्रियों--से विशेष कहलाते हैं

etāḥ prakṛtayaś cāṣṭī vikārāś cāpi ṣoḍaśa | pañca caiva viśeṣā vai tathā pañcendriyāṇi ca ||

Vasiṣṭha berkata: “Inilah lapan prinsip asal (prakṛti), dan ada pula enam belas hasil perubahan (vikāra). Selain itu terdapat lima entiti ‘terperinci’ (viśeṣa), dan demikian juga lima fakulti deria. Maka ajaran ini menggolongkan kenyataan kepada sebab-sebab asas dan hasil-hasil yang terserlah, supaya seseorang dapat membezakan Diri daripada medan alam (prakṛti), lalu melonggarkan keterikatan pada apa yang sekadar tersusun daripada gabungan.”

एताःthese
एताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
प्रकृतयःnatures / primordial principles
प्रकृतयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अष्टौeight
अष्टौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअष्टन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
विकाराःmodifications / evolutes
विकाराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविकार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
षोडशsixteen
षोडश:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootषोडशन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विशेषाःparticulars / specific entities
विशेषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविशेष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैindeed (emphatic particle)
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
तथाthus / likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इन्द्रियाणिsense-organs / faculties
इन्द्रियाणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

वसिष्ठ उवाच

वसिष्ठ (Vasiṣṭha)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a Sāṅkhya-style map of reality: eight foundational principles (prakṛtis) and sixteen evolutes (vikāras), with mention of five particularized entities (viśeṣas) and the five sense-faculties. The aim is discriminative knowledge—seeing what is produced and changeable as distinct from the witnessing self—supporting detachment and liberation.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Vasiṣṭha is expounding philosophical categories to clarify how the world of experience is constituted. He enumerates principles and their products as part of a broader counsel on inner peace and right understanding after the devastation of war.