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Shloka 44

Adhyāya 302: Guṇa-vicāra, Gati-bheda, and the Imperishable State

Yājñavalkya–Janaka

सहवास विनाशित्वान्नान्योडहमिति मन्यते । यो<5हं सो5हमिति हुक्त्वा गुणानेवानुवर्तते,प्रकृतिके सहवाससे अपने स्वरूपका बोध लुप्त हो जानेके कारण पुरुष यह समझने लगता है कि मैं शरीरसे भिन्न नहीं हूँ। “मैं यह हूँ, वह हूँ, अमुकका पुत्र हूँ, अमुक जातिका हूँ", इस प्रकार कहता हुआ वह सात्त्विक आदि गुणोंका ही अनुसरण करता है

sahavāsa-vināśitvān nānyo ’ham iti manyate | yo ’haṃ so ’ham iti uktvā guṇān evānuvartate ||

Vasiṣṭha berkata: Oleh kerana pergaulan yang berpanjangan (dengan Prakṛti dan tubuh) mengaburkan hakikat diri yang sebenar, seseorang mula menyangka, “Aku tidak lain daripada ini.” Sambil mengisytiharkan, “Aku ini; aku itu”—mengaku sebagai anak si anu, berasal daripada keturunan atau kasta tertentu—dia sekadar menurut permainan guṇa seperti sattva dan yang lain-lain, bukannya mengenal Diri (Ātman) sebagai sesuatu yang berbeza daripadanya.

सहवासassociation, cohabitation
सहवास:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसहवास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विनाशित्वात्from (its) perishable nature
विनाशित्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootविनाशित्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यःother, different
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मन्यतेthinks, considers
मन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःthat (he)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (उक्त्वा)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Active
गुणान्qualities (gunas)
गुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अनुवर्ततेfollows, conforms to
अनुवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-वृत् (अनुवर्तते)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
G
guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas)
P
Prakṛti (implied by guṇas and association with the body)

Educational Q&A

Misidentification with the body and social labels arises from long association with Prakṛti; as a result, one is driven by the guṇas. The remedy implied is discernment: knowing the Self as distinct from guṇas, body, and acquired identities.

In Vasiṣṭha’s instruction, he explains how a person loses awareness of their true nature and begins to speak in terms of worldly identity (“I am this, I am that”), thereby living under the influence of sattva, rajas, and tamas.