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Shloka 113

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

तेषां न तिर्यग्गमन हि दृष्टं नावग्गिति: पापकृताधिवास: । नवा प्रधाना अपि ते द्विजातयो ये ज्ञानमेतन्नपतेडनुरक्ता:,राजन! जो इस सांख्य-ज्ञानमें अनुरक्त हैं, वे ही ब्राह्मण प्रधान हैं, अतः उन्हें मृत्युके पश्चात्‌ कभी पशु पक्षी आदिकी योनिमें जाना पड़ा हो, ऐसा नहीं देखा गया है। वे कभी नरकादि अधोगतिको भी नहीं प्राप्त होते हैं तथा उन्हें पापाचारियोंके बीचमें भी नहीं रहना पड़ता है

Teṣāṁ na tiryaggamanaṁ hi dṛṣṭaṁ nāvagatiḥ pāpakṛtādhivāsaḥ | Navā pradhānā api te dvijātayo ye jñānam etad anuraktāḥ, rājan ||

Bhīṣma berkata: Dalam kalangan mereka yang terpaut pada pengetahuan Sāṅkhya ini, tidak pernah terlihat bahawa mereka jatuh ke kelahiran sebagai binatang selepas mati. Mereka juga tidak menemui nasib yang menurun seperti neraka, dan tidak pula dipaksa tinggal di tengah-tengah para pendosa yang berterusan. Wahai raja, sekalipun mereka tidak menonjol dari segi kedudukan sosial, para dvija yang berpegang pada pengetahuan ini sesungguhnya adalah yang terunggul dalam kalangan brāhmaṇa.

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तिर्यक्-गमनम्going to animal (non-human) births
तिर्यक्-गमनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतिर्यक् + गमन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
दृष्टम्seen
दृष्टम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPast passive participle, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवग्गतिःdownward course; hellish fall
अवग्गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअवगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पापकृत्-अधिवासःdwelling among evil-doers
पापकृत्-अधिवासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपापकृत् + अधिवास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
प्रधानाःchief; foremost
प्रधानाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रधान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिeven; also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
द्विजातयःtwice-born (brahmins etc.)
द्विजातयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ज्ञानम्knowledge
ज्ञानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पतन्तिfall (down)
पतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPresent indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अनुरक्ताःattached; devoted
अनुरक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु-रञ्ज्
FormPast passive participle (used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
Rājan (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira)
S
Sāṅkhya-jñāna
D
Dvijāti (twice-born)
T
Tiryagyoni (animal births)
N
Naraka (hell, implied by 'avagati')

Educational Q&A

Devotion to Sāṅkhya/ātma-jñāna is presented as a decisive purifier: those attached to this knowledge do not fall into lower births or hellish destinies, and true brāhmaṇa-eminence is grounded in knowledge rather than mere social status.

In the Śānti Parva dialogue, Bhīṣma instructs King Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and liberation. Here he emphasizes the spiritual consequence of Sāṅkhya knowledge, contrasting the fate of the wise with the downward paths associated with sinful conduct.