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Shloka 15

Vasiṣṭha–Karāla-Janaka Saṃvāda: Aśuddha-Sevana, Guṇa-Dr̥ṣṭi, and Sāṃkhya–Yoga Ekārthatā

Mahābhārata 12.293

यश्न शुश्रूषते शूद्र: सततं नियतेन्द्रिय: । अतोडन्यथा मजनुष्येन्द्र स्वरर्मात्‌ परिहीयते

yaś ca śuśrūṣate śūdraḥ satataṁ niyatendriyaḥ | ato ’nyathā manuṣyendra svarmāt parihīyate ||

Parāśara berkata: “Namun, Śūdra yang sentiasa berkhidmat (kepada golongan yang lebih tinggi) dengan indera yang terkawal tidak akan terjatuh daripada keadaan syurgawi. Jika tidak demikian, wahai insan terbaik, dia akan kehilangan ganjaran itu.”

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शुश्रूषतेserves, attends upon
शुश्रूषते:
TypeVerb
Rootशुश्रूष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
शूद्रःa Śūdra
शूद्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सततम्always, constantly
सततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
नियतrestrained, disciplined
नियत:
TypeAdjective
Rootनियत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इन्द्रियःhaving senses (as his senses)
इन्द्रियः:
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अतोtherefore, hence
अतो:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
मनुष्येन्द्रO lord of men (king)
मनुष्येन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्येन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
स्वधर्मात्from (his) own duty
स्वधर्मात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधर्म
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
परिहीयतेis deprived, falls away
परिहीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-हा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive

पराशर उवाच

पराशर (Parāśara)
मनुष्येन्द्र (Manuṣyendra—addressee)
शूद्र (Śūdra)
स्वर्ग (Svarga)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that disciplined, continual service (śuśrūṣā) performed with self-control is presented as a dharmic path that yields heavenly merit; neglecting this prescribed conduct results in losing that reward.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional discourse, Parāśara is explaining norms of conduct and their karmic outcomes, addressing a ‘best of men’ interlocutor and stating the consequence—attainment or loss of svarga—based on adherence to the described duty.