Shloka 45
Haṃsa–Sādhya Saṃvāda: Satya, Dama, Kṣamā and the Discipline of Speech
शास्त्राल्लोकाच्च यो बुद्ध: सर्व पश्यति मानव: । असारमिव मानुष्यं सर्वथा मुक्त एव सः:
śāstrāllokācca yo buddhaḥ sarva-paśyati mānavaḥ | asāram iva mānuṣyaṁ sarvathā mukta eva saḥ ||
Bhīṣma berkata: Sesiapa yang terjaga oleh ajaran śāstra dan oleh pelajaran dunia, lalu melihat segala-galanya dengan jelas, memandang kehidupan manusia sebagai sesuatu yang tidak berinti dan tidak kekal; orang demikian, dalam segala hal, benar-benar telah bebas (mukta).
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
True liberation arises when a person gains clear discernment from both śāstra (scriptural wisdom) and loka (worldly experience). Seeing the transient, insubstantial nature of human existence, one becomes detached and thus free.
In the Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and the path to inner peace after the war. Here he emphasizes that mature insight—formed by study and lived experience—leads to recognizing the impermanence of worldly life and culminates in liberation.