Shloka 31
जनक–पराशर संवादः — वर्ण-गोत्र-धर्मविचारः
Janaka–Parāśara: Varṇa, Gotra, and Dharma Inquiry
जब अपने लिये अप्रसन्नताका हेतु और दुःखयुक्त भाव अनुभवमें आये तब रजोगुणकी प्रवृत्ति हुई है--ऐसा अपने मनमें विचार करे तथा वैसे किसी कार्यका आरम्भ न करके उसकी ओरसे अपना ध्यान हटा ले ।।
atha yad moha-saṁyuktaṁ kāye manasi vā bhavet | apratarkyam avijñeyaṁ tamas tad upadhārayet ||
Bhishma berkata: “Apabila timbul rasa tidak senang yang mementingkan diri dan disertai penderitaan, hendaklah difikirkan dalam hati: itulah kebangkitan rajas; dan tanpa memulakan apa-apa perbuatan di bawah pengaruhnya, alihkan perhatian daripadanya. Demikian juga, jika dalam tubuh atau minda hadir suatu keadaan yang berserta moha—yang tidak dapat dihujahkan dan tidak dapat diketahui dengan jelas—maka tetapkanlah dengan tegas: itulah tamas.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
To practice inner discernment by identifying mental and bodily states through the lens of the guṇas: delusion that is irrational and obscure should be recognized as tamas, while painful, self-centered agitation should be recognized as rajas; one should avoid initiating actions under these influences and instead step back and regain clarity.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and self-governance, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on how to evaluate inner impulses. He gives a practical diagnostic rule: when delusion and obscurity arise in body or mind, label it tamas; when restless dissatisfaction and suffering-driven impulse arises, label it rajas and refrain from acting from it.