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Shloka 4

Adhyāya 283: Varṇa-vṛtti, Nyāya-ārjana, and the Decline-and-Restoration of Dharma (वर्णवृत्तिः न्यायार्जनं च)

गन्धर्वाप्सरसाकीर्णे नानाद्रुमलतावृते । ऋषिसड्चै: परिवृतं दक्ष धर्मभूतां वरम्‌,वह स्थान गन्धर्वों और अप्सराओंसे भरा था। भाँति-भाँतिके वृक्षसमूह और लताएँ वहाँ सब ओर छा रही थीं। धर्मात्माओंमें श्रेष्ठ प्रजापति दक्ष ऋषिसमुदायसे घिरे हुए बैठे। उस समय पृथ्वी, अन्तरिक्ष तथा स्वर्गलोकके निवासी भी वहाँ जुटे हुए थे और वे सब-के- सब हाथ जोड़कर प्रजापतिको प्रणाम करके उनकी सेवामें खड़े थे

vaiśampāyana uvāca | gandharvāpsarasākīrṇe nānādrumalatāvṛte | ṛṣisaṅghaiḥ parivṛtaṃ dakṣaṃ dharmabhūtāṃ varaṃ ||

Vaiśampāyana berkata: “Tempat itu dipenuhi Gandharva dan Apsara, dan di sekelilingnya terlindung oleh pelbagai jenis pohon serta sulur menjalar. Di sana duduk Prajāpati Dakṣa—yang terunggul antara para dharmika—dikelilingi himpunan para ṛṣi.”

गन्धर्वby Gandharvas
गन्धर्व:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अप्सरसाby Apsarases
अप्सरसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअप्सरस्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
आकीर्णेfilled, crowded
आकीर्णे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootआकीर्ण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
नानाvarious, many kinds of
नाना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना
द्रुमwith trees
द्रुम:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
लताwith creepers
लता:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलता
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
आवृतेcovered, surrounded
आवृते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootआवृत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
ऋषिby sages
ऋषि:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सङ्घैःby groups/assemblies
सङ्घैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसङ्घ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
परिवृतम्surrounded
परिवृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरिवृत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दक्षम्Daksha
दक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मभूतानाम्of the righteous (those whose nature is dharma)
धर्मभूतानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मभूत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वरम्the best, excellent
वरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
G
Gandharvas
A
Apsarases
Ṛṣis
P
Prajāpati Dakṣa

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds dharmic authority: the foremost righteous figure (Dakṣa) is honored by sages and celestial beings alike, suggesting that true leadership is grounded in dharma and recognized through reverence and service rather than force.

Vaiśampāyana describes a grand, idyllic gathering-place filled with celestial beings and lush vegetation, where Prajāpati Dakṣa sits surrounded by Ṛṣis; beings from earth, the mid-region, and heaven assemble, bow with folded hands, and stand in attendance.