Shloka 51

पापात्म-धर्मात्म-लक्षणम् तथा निर्वेदेन मोक्षमार्गः | Marks of the Sinful and the Righteous; Dispassion (Nirveda) as a Path to Liberation

Devanagari script

चिरकारी शस्त्र त्यागकर अपने पिताको प्रणाम कर रहे हैं ईर्ष्याजं व्यसन प्राहुस्तेन चैवोर्ध्वरेतस: । ईर्ष्यया त्वहमाक्षिप्तो मग्नो दुष्कृतसागरे,'ऊ्ध्वरेता मुनि उस प्रमादके ही कारण ईर्ष्याजनित संकटकी प्राप्ति बताते हैं; ईष्यनि मुझे पापके समुद्रमें ठकेल दिया है और मैं उसमें डूब गया हूँ

Transliteration

īrṣyājaṃ vyasanaṃ prāhus tena caivordhvaretaḥ | īrṣyayā tv aham ākṣipto magno duṣkṛtasāgare ||

Translation

Bhīṣma berkata: “Sang resi Urdhvaretas menyatakan bahawa bencana yang lahir daripada iri hati timbul daripada kelalaian itu juga. Dipukul oleh iri hati, aku telah dihumban ke lautan perbuatan jahat, dan aku pun tenggelam di dalamnya.”

Word by Word

ईर्ष्याजम्born of envy

व्यसनम्calamity, misfortune

प्राहुःthey said/declare

तेनby that, because of that

चand

एवindeed, just

ऊर्ध्वरेतसःthe celibate/continent one (lit. one whose semen is upward)

ईर्ष्ययाby envy

तुbut, however

अहम्I

आक्षिप्तःthrown, cast

मग्नःsunk, immersed

दुष्कृतसागरेin the ocean of evil deeds/sin

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhishma

Urdhvaretas (sage)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Jealousy (īrṣyā), arising from heedlessness (pramāda), becomes a destructive vice that drags a person into wrongdoing; vigilance and self-restraint are implied as the antidotes.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma cites the authority of the sage Urdhvaretas and confesses his own moral downfall: jealousy struck him and plunged him into a figurative ‘ocean of sin,’ expressing remorse and warning against envy.