Shloka 49

कपिल–स्यूमरश्मि संवादः

Kapila and Syūmaraśmi on Renunciation, Householder Support, and Epistemic Authority

Devanagari script

अकार्य नहुषाकार्षील॑प्स्यामस्त्वत्कृते व्यथाम्‌ । शतं चैकं च रोगाणां सर्वभूतेष्वपातयन्‌

Transliteration

akārya nahuṣākārṣīl lapsyāmas tvat-kṛte vyathām | śataṃ caikaṃ ca rogāṇāṃ sarva-bhūteṣv apātayan ||

Translation

Tūladhāra berkata: “Engkau telah melakukan perbuatan yang tidak patut, bertingkah seperti Nahuṣa. Kerana engkau, kami akan menanggung derita; dan engkau telah menimpakan seratus satu penyakit ke atas semua makhluk hidup.”

Word by Word

• अकार्य: a wrong act / improper deed
• अकार्य: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अकार्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• नहुष: O Nahusha
• Type: Noun
• Root: नहुष
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• अकार्षीः: you have done / you did
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 2, Singular, Parasmaipada

• लप्स्यामः: we shall obtain / we shall incur
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ्
• Form: Simple Future (Luṭ), 1, Plural, Parasmaipada

• त्वत्कृते: for your sake / because of you
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: त्वत् + कृते
• Form: idiomatic avyaya: 'for your sake/because of you' (kṛte is locative singular of kṛta used adverbially)

• व्यथाम्: pain, distress
• व्यथाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यथा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• शतम्: a hundred
• शतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एकम्: one
• एकम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• रोगाणाम्: of diseases
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोग
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• सर्वभूतेषु: among/in all beings
• सर्वभूतेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वभूत
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• अपातयन्: he inflicted / caused to befall
• Type: Verb
• Root: पत् (causative: पातयति)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada, causative: 'caused to fall/inflicted'

Speaker

तुलाधार उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Tūladhāra
• Nahuṣa
• rogāḥ (diseases)
• sarva-bhūtāni (all living beings)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Wrongful conduct (akārya) harms not only the immediate victim but can spread suffering broadly; ethical lapses are portrayed as having communal and even universal consequences, so one should act with restraint and compassion toward all beings.

What is happening in the narrative?

Tūladhāra rebukes the other party for an improper act, comparing the behavior to the notorious misconduct of King Nahuṣa, and warns that the deed brings distress and is figuratively described as inflicting ‘a hundred and one diseases’ upon all creatures.