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Shloka 12

मृत्योर्ब्रह्मणा नियोजनम् — The Commissioning of Mṛtyu by Brahmā

तपसोपनिषत त्यागस्त्यागस्योपनिषत्‌ सुखम्‌ । सुखस्योपनिषत्‌ स्वर्ग: स्वर्गस्योपनिषच्छम:,तपस्याका सार है त्याग, त्यागका सार है सुख, सुखका सार है स्वर्ग और स्वर्गका सार है शान्ति

tapasopaniṣat tyāgas tyāgasyopaniṣat sukham | sukhasyopaniṣat svargaḥ svargasyopaniṣac chamaḥ ||

Vyāsa bersabda: “Inti batin tapa (tapas) ialah pelepasan dan pengorbanan (tyāga); inti tyāga ialah kebahagiaan; inti kebahagiaan ialah syurga (svarga); dan inti syurga ialah ketenteraman (śama). Maka ajaran ini melukiskan pendakian moral daripada latihan berdisiplin menuju kebaikan tertinggi—kebebasan yang tenang, tidak terusik.”

तपसःof austerity
तपसः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
उपनिषत्essence / secret / core teaching
उपनिषत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपनिषद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
त्यागःrenunciation
त्यागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्याग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्यागस्यof renunciation
त्यागस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootत्याग
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
उपनिषत्essence / core
उपनिषत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपनिषद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सुखम्happiness
सुखम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सुखस्यof happiness
सुखस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
उपनिषत्essence / core
उपनिषत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपनिषद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
स्वर्गःheaven
स्वर्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वर्गस्यof heaven
स्वर्गस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
उपनिषत्essence / core
उपनिषत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपनिषद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
शमःtranquillity / peace / calm
शमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a graded chain of values: true austerity matures into renunciation; renunciation yields genuine happiness; happiness corresponds to a higher, meritorious state (svarga); and the highest essence even of heaven is inner peace (śama). It shifts attention from external rewards to the culminating goal of tranquility.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and the life of restraint, Vyāsa delivers a compact aphorism-like teaching that summarizes the hierarchy of spiritual aims, emphasizing peace as the final refinement of all sought-after goods.