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Shloka 10

मृत्युकारणप्रश्नः / Inquiry into the Cause and Designation of Death

एतद्‌ू वै जन्मसामर्थ्य॑ ब्राह्मणस्य विशेषत: । आत्मज्ञानं शमश्लैव पर्याप्तं तत्परायणम्‌,विशेषरूपसे ब्राह्मणमें और समानभावसे मनुष्यमात्रमें इस ज्ञानको प्राप्त करनेकी जन्मसिद्ध शक्ति है। मन और इन्द्रियोंका संयम तथा आत्मज्ञान मोक्ष-प्राप्तिके लिये पर्याप्त साधन है

etad vai janma-sāmarthyaṁ brāhmaṇasya viśeṣataḥ | ātma-jñānaṁ śamaś caiva paryāptaṁ tat-parāyaṇam ||

Vyāsa berkata: “Inilah sesungguhnya keupayaan semula jadi yang istimewa bagi seorang brāhmaṇa: pengetahuan tentang Ātman dan ketenangan batin (penguasaan minda dan pancaindera). Apabila seseorang menumpukan diri hanya kepada tujuan itu, kedua-duanya memadai sebagai jalan untuk mencapai tujuan tertinggi (mokṣa).”

एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
जन्मbirth
जन्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सामर्थ्यम्capacity, power
सामर्थ्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसामर्थ्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणस्यof a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विशेषतःespecially, particularly
विशेषतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेषतः
आत्मज्ञानम्knowledge of the Self
आत्मज्ञानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मज्ञान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शमःtranquility, restraint (of mind)
शमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवonly, indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पर्याप्तम्sufficient
पर्याप्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर्याप्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
परायणम्having that as the highest refuge/goal; devoted to that
परायणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरायण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
B
brāhmaṇa

Educational Q&A

Vyāsa teaches that self-knowledge (ātma-jñāna) together with inner calm and restraint (śama) is sufficient for liberation when one is wholly oriented to that highest aim.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Vyāsa states a principle about spiritual aptitude: the brāhmaṇa’s distinctive strength lies in self-knowledge and mental discipline, which, when pursued as the supreme goal, lead to the highest end.