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Shloka 16

Gṛhastha-vṛtti and Niyama: Models of Householder Livelihood and Discipline (गृहस्थवृत्ति-नियमाः)

तिष्ठत्ये तेषु भगवान्‌ षट्सु कर्मसु संस्थित: । व्यासजी कहते हैं--बेटा! ब्राह्मणको चाहिये कि वेदोंमें बतायी गयी त्रयी विद्या--“अ उ म्‌' इन तीन अक्षरोंसे सम्बन्ध रखनेवाली प्रणवविद्याका चिन्तन एवं विचार करे। वेदके छहों अंगोंसहित ऋक्‌

tiṣṭhaty ete teṣu bhagavān ṣaṭsu karmasu saṁsthitaḥ | dharmadvīpena bhūtānāṁ cārthakāmajalenaca | ṛtavāḍmokṣatīreṇa vihiṁsātaruvāhinā |

Vyāsa berkata: “Tuhan Yang Mulia—Dharma itu sendiri—bersemayam teguh dalam enam kewajipan ini. Maka seorang brāhmaṇa hendaklah merenung Pranava suci (A-U-M), dan mempelajari mantra-mantra Ṛg, Sāma, Yajus, dan Atharva beserta enam anggota bantu Veda, dengan memelihara bunyi dan hurufnya. Kerana Tuhan sebagai Dharma berasas kukuh dalam disiplin Veda ini dan dalam enam perbuatan: melakukan korban suci, memimpin korban bagi orang lain, belajar, mengajar, memberi sedekah, dan menerima pemberian.” Kemudian beliau menggambarkan Masa sebagai sungai besar yang menghanyutkan semua makhluk: Dharma ialah pulau perlindungan di tengah air kekayaan dan nafsu; berkata benar dan pembebasan ialah dua tebingnya; pohon-pohon kekerasan hanyut dalam arus itu, dan makhluk ciptaan Sang Penentu ditarik menuju alam Yama.

तिष्ठतिstands/abides
तिष्ठति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (तिष्ठ-)
FormLat (present), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
एतेषुin these
एतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
षट्सुin (the) six
षट्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeNumeral
Rootषट्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
कर्मसुin actions/rites
कर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
Formneuter, locative, plural
संस्थितःestablished/standing firm
संस्थितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंस्था (सम् + स्था) → संस्थित
Formmasculine, nominative, singular, क्त (past passive participle)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
B
Bhagavān (as Dharma)
D
Dharma
V
Veda (Ṛgveda, Sāmaveda, Yajurveda, Atharvaveda)
P
Pranava (Oṁ: A-U-M)
Y
Yama (Yamaloka)
K
Kāla (Time, as a river)
V
Vidhātṛ (the Creator/Ordainer)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is not abstract but ‘dwells’ in concrete disciplines: Vedic contemplation (especially the Pranava), accurate study of mantra and sound, and the six brāhmaṇa duties—sacrificing, officiating, studying, teaching, giving, and accepting gifts. These practices are presented as supports that keep one aligned with the divine principle of Dharma amid the destabilizing flow of Time, wealth, and desire.

Vyāsa instructs the listener (addressed as ‘son’ in the surrounding prose) on brāhmaṇa conduct and the religious-ethical foundations of society. He then expands the instruction with a vivid allegory: Time is a mighty river sweeping beings toward Yama’s realm; in that current, Dharma is an island of refuge, while truth and liberation mark the safe shores.