Shloka 22

Yoga-kṛtya (योककृत्य) — Vyāsa on Sense-Restraint, Obstacles, and Brahman-Realization

Devanagari script

तपो निः:श्रेयसं जन्तोस्तस्य मूलं शमो दम: । तेन सर्वानिवाप्नोति यान्‌ कामान्‌ मनसेच्छति

Transliteration

tapo niḥśreyasaṃ jantostasya mūlaṃ śamo damaḥ | tena sarvān ivāpnoti yān kāmān manasecchati ||

Translation

Vyāsa berkata: Bagi makhluk hidup, tapa (tapas) ialah jalan langsung menuju kebaikan tertinggi. Akar kepada tapa itu ialah ketenangan batin (śama) dan pengendalian diri (dama). Dengan disiplin demikian, seseorang memperoleh segala tujuan dan pemenuhan yang dikehendaki oleh minda dengan wajar.

Word by Word

• तपः: austerity, penance
• तपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• निःश्रेयसम्: highest good, final beatitude
• निःश्रेयसम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: निःश्रेयस
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• जन्तोः: of a creature/person
• जन्तोः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्तु
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• तस्य: of that (of it)
• तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• मूलम्: root, basis
• मूलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• शमः: tranquility, mental restraint
• शमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दमः: self-control (of senses)
• दमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तेन: by that (by it)
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter/Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• इव: as if, indeed (emphatic/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• आप्नोति: attains, obtains
• Type: Verb
• Root: आप्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• यान्: which (those whom/which)
• यान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• कामान्: desires, wished-for objects
• कामान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• मनसा: with the mind
• मनसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• इच्छति: desires, wishes
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa