Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 9

बलीन्द्रसंवादः — Kāla, Anityatā, and the Limits of Agency

Mahābhārata 12.217

प्रकृत्या सर्गधर्मिण्या तथा त्रिगुणधर्मया । विपरीतमतो विद्यात्‌ क्षेत्रज्ञस्य स्वलक्षणम्‌

prakṛtyā sargadharmiṇyā tathā triguṇadharmayā | viparītam ato vidyāt kṣetrajñasya svalakṣaṇam ||

Bhīṣma berkata: Oleh sebab hukum semula jadi Prakriti ialah memancarkan penciptaan, dan kerana ia tersusun daripada tiga guṇa, maka hendaklah difahami bahawa tanda hakiki kṣetrajña (si penyaksi sedar, sang ‘yang mengetahui’) adalah bertentangan sama sekali dengan Prakriti—berbeza daripada gerak-kerja yang berubah-ubah dan terikat oleh guṇa-guṇanya.

प्रकृत्याby/through nature
प्रकृत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सर्गधर्मिण्याhaving creation as its property
सर्गधर्मिण्या:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्गधर्मिन्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
त्रिगुणधर्मयाhaving the three guṇas as its nature
त्रिगुणधर्मया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिगुणधर्म
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
विपरीतम्opposite, contrary
विपरीतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविपरीत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अतःtherefore; from that
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
विद्यात्should know
विद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
क्षेत्रज्ञस्यof the knower of the field (puruṣa)
क्षेत्रज्ञस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्रज्ञ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
स्वलक्षणम्its own characteristic mark
स्वलक्षणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वलक्षण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Prakṛti
K
Kṣetrajña (Puruṣa)

Educational Q&A

Prakṛti is defined by creation and the three guṇas; the kṣetrajña (conscious knower) should be understood as essentially different—opposite in nature to guṇa-driven change. This discrimination supports inner freedom and steadiness.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīṣma continues a philosophical exposition (Sāṅkhya-like) distinguishing Prakṛti (nature) from the kṣetrajña (self), emphasizing their contrasting characteristics.