Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman
Manu’s Instruction
स्वधर्म: परिपाल्यस्तु राज्ञामिति विनिश्चय: । विप्रधर्मश्ष गहनो मामनात्मानमाविशत्,राजाओंको अपने धर्मका पालन करना चाहिये, यही शास्त्रका सिद्धान्त है। इधर मुझ अजितात्माके भीतर गहन ब्राह्मणधर्मने प्रवेश किया है
svadharmaḥ paripālyas tu rājñām iti viniścayaḥ | vipradharmaś ca gahano mām anātmānam āviśat ||
“Menurut ketetapan ajaran suci, para raja wajib memelihara dharma mereka sendiri. Namun ke dalam diriku—yang belum menaklukkan diri—telah masuk dharma seorang brāhmaṇa yang mendalam dan sukar.”
ब्राह्मण उवाच
The verse affirms the principle of svadharma: rulers must uphold the duties proper to kingship (rājadharma). At the same time, it highlights how brāhmaṇa-dharma is subtle and demanding, requiring inner discipline; without self-mastery, even a noble dharma can feel overpowering or difficult to sustain.
A brāhmaṇa speaker reflects on a tension between role-based duty: the established rule that kings should follow rājadharma, and his own inner pull toward the deep, rigorous brāhmaṇa-dharma. He admits personal lack of self-control, suggesting an internal struggle as this higher, more austere ethical code ‘enters’ and challenges him.