Jñāna-yoga and Karma-phala: Manu–Bṛhaspati on Akṣara and the Limits of Mantra
स्वदेशे परदेशे वा अतिथिं नोपवासयेत् । काम्यकर्मफलं लब्ध्वा गुरूणामुपपादयेत्
Bhīṣma uvāca: svadeśe paradeśe vā atithiṃ nopavāsayet | kāmyakarmaphalaṃ labdhvā gurūṇām upapādayet ||
Bhishma berkata: Sama ada di negeri sendiri atau di negeri orang, janganlah membiarkan tetamu yang datang ke rumah kita kekal lapar. Dan apa jua hasil yang diperoleh sebagai buah daripada tindakan yang diingini namun tetap dalam kewajipan, hendaklah dipersembahkan dengan hormat kepada para guru dan orang tua.
भीष्म उवाच
Two duties are emphasized: (1) atithi-dharma—never let a guest go unfed, regardless of place; and (2) guru-sevā—dedicate the gains from one’s result-seeking actions to one’s elders/teachers as an act of reverence and right conduct.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous living, Bhishma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on household ethics, highlighting hospitality to guests and respectful offering to gurus as practical expressions of dharma.