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Shloka 18

Adhyāya 177: Pañca-mahābhūta-vicāra and Vṛkṣa-jīva-lakṣaṇa

Five Elements Inquiry and the Status of Plant Life

इत्येभि: कारणैस्तस्य त्रिभिक्षित्तं प्रमाद्यति । सम्प्रसक्तमना भोगान्‌ विसृज्य पितृसंचितान्‌ । परिक्षीण: परस्वानामादानं साधु मन्यते,“रूप, धन और कुल--इन तीनोंके अभिमानके कारण उसके चित्तमें प्रमाद भर जाता है। वह भोगोंमें आसक्त होकर बाप-दादोंके जोड़े हुए पैसोंको खो बैठता है; और दरिद्र होकर दूसरोंके धनको हड़प लाना अच्छा मानने लगता है

ity ebhiḥ kāraṇais tasya tribhikṣittaṃ pramādyati | samprasaktamanā bhogān visṛjya pitṛsaṃcitān | parikṣīṇaḥ parasvānām ādānaṃ sādhu manyate |

Atas sebab-sebab itu, fikirannya—tergoncang oleh tiga jenis kesombongan (rupa, harta, dan keturunan)—jatuh ke dalam kelalaian. Dengan hati terpaut pada kenikmatan, dia menghamburkan kekayaan yang dihimpun nenek moyangnya; dan apabila jatuh miskin, dia mula menganggap merampas harta orang lain sebagai sesuatu yang baik.

इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एभिःby these
एभिः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
कारणैःcauses/reasons
कारणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
त्रिभिःby three
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
क्षित्तम्thrown/impelled (i.e., driven)
क्षित्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षिप् (क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रमाद्यतिbecomes negligent/errs
प्रमाद्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-मद्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सम्प्रसक्तattached/engrossed
सम्प्रसक्त:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-प्र-सञ्ज् (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मनाःmind
मनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भोगान्enjoyments/pleasures
भोगान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विसृज्यhaving abandoned/let go
विसृज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-सृज्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
पितृof the fathers/ancestors
पितृ:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive (in compound), Plural
संचितान्accumulated/hoarded
संचितान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-चि (क्त)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
परिक्षीणःimpoverished/exhausted
परिक्षीणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-क्षि (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परस्वानाम्of others' wealth
परस्वानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपरस्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
आदानम्taking/appropriation
आदानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआ-दा (ल्युट्/घञ्: आदान)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
साधुgood/right
साधु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाधु
मन्यतेthinks/considers
मन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
A
ancestral wealth (pitṛsaṃcita dhana)
O
others' property (parasva)
S
sense-pleasures (bhoga)

Educational Q&A

Pride in beauty, wealth, and lineage breeds negligence; attachment to pleasure leads to wasting inherited resources, and poverty then tempts one to rationalize theft as ‘good.’ The verse warns against the moral slide from vanity to dissipation to wrongdoing.

In Bhishma’s instruction on righteous conduct in the Shanti Parva, he describes a recognizable ethical decline: a person intoxicated by social advantages becomes careless, loses ancestral wealth through indulgence, and finally justifies taking others’ property.