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Shloka 9

प्रजाविसर्ग-तत्त्वनिर्णयः | Cosmogony of Elemental Emergence

Bharadvāja–Bhṛgu Dialogue

पुत्र बवाच मृत्युनाभ्याहतो लोको जरया परिवारित: । अहोरात्रा: पतन्त्येते ननु कस्मान्न बुध्यसे,पुत्रने कहा--पिताजी! देखिये, यह सम्पूर्ण जगत्‌ मृत्युके द्वारा मारा जा रहा है। बुढ़ापेने इसे चारों ओरसे घेर लिया है और ये दिन-रात ही वे व्यक्ति हैं जो सफलतापूर्वक प्राणियोंकी आयुका अपहरणस्वरूप अपना काम करके व्यतीत हो रहे हैं, इस बातको आप समझते क्‍यों नहीं हैं?

putra uvāca mṛtyunābhyāhato loko jarayā parivāritaḥ | ahorātrāḥ patanty ete nanu kasmān na budhyase ||

Anak itu berkata: “Wahai ayah, lihatlah—seluruh dunia ini sedang dipukul jatuh oleh Maut; usia tua mengepungnya dari segala sisi. Dan siang serta malam ini terus gugur, sedikit demi sedikit merampas jangka hayat makhluk hidup. Mengapa ayah tidak tersedar akan kebenaran ini?”

पुत्रःthe son
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मृत्युनाby death
मृत्युना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अभ्याहतःstruck down, smitten
अभ्याहतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-आ-हन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
लोकःthe world
लोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जरयाby old age
जरया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजरा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
परिवारितःsurrounded, encompassed
परिवारितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-√वृ (वृञ्/वृ)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अहोरात्राःdays and nights
अहोरात्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहोरात्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पतन्तिfall, pass away
पतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
एतेthese
एते:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ननुindeed, surely (interrogative emphasis)
ननु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootननु
कस्मात्why? from what reason?
कस्मात्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बुध्यसेyou understand/awaken
बुध्यसे:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Atmanepada

भीष्म उवाच

P
putra (son)
P
pitā (father)
M
mṛtyu (Death)
J
jarā (old age)
L
loka (the world)
A
ahorātra (day and night)

Educational Q&A

Awaken to impermanence: death and old age are inevitable, and time (days and nights) continuously diminishes life; therefore one should not live in heedlessness but turn toward right conduct and inner clarity.

In a didactic exchange within Śānti Parva, a son admonishes his father, pointing to the visible facts of mortality—death, aging, and the relentless passage of time—to shake him out of complacency and prompt serious reflection on life’s purpose.