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Shloka 37

Śānti-parva 168: Śoka-nivṛtti-buddhi (The Cognition that Reduces Grief) and Piṅgalā’s Nairāśya

नाकामतो ब्राह्मुणा: स्वन्नमर्थान्‌ नाकामतो ददति ब्राह्मणेभ्य: । नाकामतो विविधा लोकचेष्टा तस्मात्‌ काम: प्राक्‌ त्रिवर्गस्य दृष्ट:,बिना किसी कामनाके ब्राह्मण अच्छे अन्नका भी भोजन नहीं करते और बिना कामनाके कोई ब्राह्मणोंको धनका दान नहीं करते हैं। जगतके प्राणियोंको जो नाना प्रकारकी चेष्टा होती है वह बिना कामनाके नहीं होती; अतः त्रिवर्गमें कामका ही प्रथम एवं प्रधान स्थान देखा गया है

nākāmato brāhmaṇāḥ svannam arthān nākāmato dadati brāhmaṇebhyaḥ | nākāmato vividhā lokaceṣṭā tasmāt kāmaḥ prāk trivargasya dṛṣṭaḥ ||

Tanpa kāma, para Brahmana pun tidak menikmati makanan yang baik; dan tanpa kāma, tiada siapa memberikan harta kepada para Brahmana. Pelbagai usaha dan gerak-geri makhluk di dunia tidak timbul tanpa kāma. Maka dalam tiga tujuan hidup, kāma dilihat mendahului dan menjadi penggerak utama.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अकामतःwithout desire; unwillingly
अकामतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअकामतस्
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्वन्नम्good/cooked food
स्वन्नम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्थान्wealth; valuables
अर्थान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अकामतःwithout desire; unwillingly
अकामतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअकामतस्
ददतिthey give
ददति:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
ब्राह्मणेभ्यःto Brahmins
ब्राह्मणेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अकामतःwithout desire; unwillingly
अकामतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअकामतस्
विविधाःvarious
विविधाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
लोकचेष्टाःworldly activities/efforts
लोकचेष्टाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोकचेष्टा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तस्मात्therefore; from that
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
कामःdesire
कामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राक्before; first
प्राक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राक्
त्रिवर्गस्यof the triad (dharma-artha-kama)
त्रिवर्गस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिवर्ग
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
दृष्टःis seen; is regarded
दृष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

भीमयेन उवाच

B
Bhīma
B
Brāhmaṇas

Educational Q&A

Desire (kāma) is presented as a primary driver of human and worldly activity: eating, giving, and general striving typically arise from some wish or motive. Hence, in practical life, kāma is seen as preceding and energizing the other aims within the trivarga (dharma–artha–kāma).

In the Śānti Parva’s reflective discourse on conduct and life-goals, Bhīma argues from everyday observation—food, charity, and worldly effort—to claim that desire underlies most actions, and thus occupies a foremost place among the three human aims.