Shloka 20

भृत्यान्‌ भोगैर्द्धिषो दण्डैयों योजयति सो<र्थवान्‌ | एतन्मतिमतां श्रेष्ठ मत॑ं मम यथातथम्‌ | अनयोस्तु निबोध त्वं वचनं वाक्यकण्ठयो:,धनवान्‌ वही है जो अपने भृत्योंको उत्तम भोग और शत्रुओंको दण्ड देकर उनको वशमें रखता है। बुद्धिमानोंमें श्रेष्ठ महाराज! मुझे तो यही मत ठीक जँचता है। अब आप इन दोनोंकी बात सुनिये। इनकी वाणी कण्ठतक आ गयी है, अर्थात्‌ ये दोनों भाई बोलनेके लिये उतावले हो रहे हैं

Arjuna uvāca |

Bhṛtyān bhogair dhiṣo daṇḍaiś ca yojayati so 'rthavān |

Etan matimatāṃ śreṣṭha mataṃ mama yathātatham |

Anayos tu nibodha tvaṃ vacanaṃ vākyakaṇṭhayoḥ ||

Arjuna berkata: “Orang yang benar-benar makmur ialah dia yang mengekalkan kesetiaan para tanggungan dengan kenikmatan yang wajar, dan menundukkan musuh dengan hukuman. Wahai yang terbaik antara orang bijaksana, inilah pandangan yang tampak benar padaku, sebagaimana adanya. Sekarang dengarkan kata-kata dua orang ini—ucapan mereka sudah ‘naik ke kerongkong’, yakni mereka sangat ingin dan mendesak untuk berbicara.”

भृत्यान्servants
भृत्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भोगैःby enjoyments/rewards
भोगैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभोग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
इष्टैःdesired/excellent
इष्टैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootइष्ट
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
दण्डैःby punishments
दण्डैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योजयतिyokes/keeps engaged; brings under control
योजयति:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्थवान्wealthy/possessed of means
अर्थवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्थवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मतिमताम्of the intelligent
मतिमताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमतिमत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठO best (one)
श्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मतम्opinion/view
मतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ममmy
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
तथाso/just so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अनयोःof these two
अनयोः:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormGenitive, Dual
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
निबोधunderstand; listen
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
वचनम्speech/statement
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाक्यकण्ठयोःof the two whose words are at the throat (eager to speak)
वाक्यकण्ठयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्यकण्ठ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna

Educational Q&A

Prosperity and effective rule (artha) require a balanced policy: supporting one’s dependents with appropriate comforts and incentives, while restraining hostile forces through just punishment—both welfare and discipline are necessary instruments of governance.

Arjuna states his view on what constitutes true prosperity and effective control in rulership, then urges the listener to hear the impending statements of “these two,” who are portrayed as eager to speak (their words ‘at the throat’).