Shloka 5

Adhyāya 164: Gautama as Guest; Kaśyapa’s Satkāra and the Fourfold Arthagati; Journey to Virūpākṣa

Devanagari script

एशभ्य: प्रवर्तते दुःखमे भ्य: पापं प्रवर्तते । इति मर्त्यो विजानीयात्‌ सततं पुरुषर्षभ,नरश्रेष्ठ! इन्हींसे सबको दु:ख प्राप्त होता है, इन्हींकी प्रेरणासे मनुष्यकी पापकर्मामें प्रवृत्ति होती है। प्रत्येक पुरुषको सदा इस बातकी जानकारी रखनी चाहिये

Transliteration

eṣebhyaḥ pravartate duḥkham ebhyaḥ pāpaṃ pravartate | iti martyo vijānīyāt satataṃ puruṣarṣabha, naraśreṣṭha |

Translation

Bhīṣma berkata: “Daripada inilah lahir penderitaan; daripada inilah lahir dosa. Hendaklah insan fana memahami hal ini sentiasa, wahai yang terbaik antara manusia.”

Word by Word

• {'eṣebhyaḥ (ete + bhyaḥ)': 'from these (causes/factors just mentioned)', 'pravartate': 'arises

• comes into operation', 'duḥkham': 'suffering

• distress', 'pāpam': 'sin

• wrongful action and its moral stain', 'iti': 'thus

• in this manner (marking the conclusion of the statement)', 'martyaḥ': 'a mortal

• human being', 'vijānīyāt': 'should know

• should clearly understand', 'satataṃ': 'always

• continually', 'puruṣarṣabha': 'O bull among men (honorific address to a great man)', 'naraśreṣṭha': 'O best of men (honorific address)'}

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Yudhishthira (implied addressee: puruṣarṣabha/naraśreṣṭha)