Shloka 2

Gautama’s Flight, the Enchanted Grove, and the Arrival of Rājadharma

Nāḍījaṅgha

Devanagari script

सत्यं कि लक्षणं राजन्‌ कथं वा तदवाप्यते । सत्यं प्राप्प भवेत्‌ कि च कथं चैव तदुच्यताम्‌,राजन! सत्यका लक्षण क्या है? उसकी प्राप्ति कैसे होती है? सत्यका पालन करनेसे क्या लाभ होता है? और कैसे होता है? यह बताइये

Transliteration

satyaṁ ki lakṣaṇaṁ rājan kathaṁ vā tad avāpyate | satyaṁ prāpya bhavet kiṁ ca kathaṁ caiva tad ucyatām ||

Translation

Yudhiṣṭhira berkata: “Wahai Raja, apakah tanda yang menentukan kebenaran? Dengan cara apakah ia dicapai? Setelah berpegang pada kebenaran, manfaat apakah yang timbul daripadanya—dan bagaimana hal itu terjadi? Mohon jelaskan kepadaku.”

Word by Word

• सत्यम्: truth
• सत्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• किम्: what?
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• लक्षणम्: mark/definition/characteristic
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्षण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• कथम्: how?
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम्

• वा: or/indeed (alternative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• तत्: that (truth)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अवाप्यते: is attained/obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव् + आप्
• Form: Present, Passive, Third, Singular

• सत्यम्: truth
• सत्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• प्राप्य: having attained (it)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + आप्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having attained

• भवेत्: would be / may become
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Optative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular

• किम्: what?
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• कथम्: how?
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम्

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• तत्: that (matter)
• तत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• उच्यताम्: let it be said / please tell
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Imperative, Passive, Third, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

युधिषछ्िर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira