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Shloka 91

Śaraṇāgata-Atithi-Dharma in the Kapota Narrative (कपोत-आख्यानम्—शरणागतधर्मः)

श्षपच उवाच अस्थानतो हीनत: कुत्सिताद्‌ वा तद्‌ विद्वांसं बाधते साधुवृत्तम्‌ । श्वानं पुनर्यो लभते5भिषज्भात्‌ तेनापि दण्ड: सहितव्य एव,चाण्डालने कहा--जो अयोग्य स्थानसे, अनुचित कर्मसे तथा निन्दित पुरुषसे कोई निषिद्ध वस्तु लेना चाहता है, उस विद्वानको उसका सदाचार ही वैसा करनेसे रोकता है (अत: आपको तो ज्ञानी और धर्मात्मा होनेके कारण स्वयं ही ऐसे निन्द्य कर्मसे दूर रहना चाहिये); परंतु जो बारंबार अत्यन्त आग्रह करके कुत्तेका मांस ग्रहण कर रहा है, उसीको इसका दण्ड भी सहन करना चाहिये (मेरा इसमें कोई दोष नहीं है)

śvapaca uvāca | asthānato hīnataḥ kutsitād vā tad vidvāṁsaṁ bādhate sādhuvṛttam | śvānaṁ punar yo labhate 'bhiṣajbhāt tenāpi daṇḍaḥ sahitavya eva ||

Śvapaca berkata: “Adab baik seorang yang berilmu menahannya daripada menerima yang terlarang—sama ada diminta dari tempat yang tidak wajar, melalui cara yang hina, atau daripada orang yang tercela. Tetapi sesiapa yang berulang kali, dengan desakan melampau, mengambil daging anjing walaupun daripada seorang tabib—dialah sahaja yang mesti menanggung hukumannya. Dalam hal ini, aku tidak bersalah.”

श्वपचःthe dog-cooker (Chandala)
श्वपचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्वपच
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
अस्थानतःfrom an improper place/occasion
अस्थानतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्थान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
हीनतःfrom an inferior (person)
हीनतः:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootहीन
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
कुत्सितात्from a vile (person)
कुत्सितात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootकुत्सित
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
तत्that (thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विद्वांसम्the learned man
विद्वांसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
बाधतेhinders/obstructs
बाधते:
TypeVerb
Rootबाध्
FormPresent, Indicative, 3, Singular, Atmanepada
साधु-वृत्तम्good conduct
साधु-वृत्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाधुवृत्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
श्वानम्a dog
श्वानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुनःagain, further
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लभतेobtains/takes
लभते:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormPresent, Indicative, 3, Singular, Atmanepada
अभिषक्-भात्from a physician (as giver/source)
अभिषक्-भात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअभिषक् + भात्
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तेनby him/therefore
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
दण्डःpunishment
दण्डः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहितव्यःto be endured
सहितव्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसह्
FormGerundive (tavya), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव

श्षपच उवाच

Ś
Śvapaca (Caṇḍāla speaker)
A
abhiṣaj (physician)
Ś
śvāna (dog; dog’s flesh)

Educational Q&A

True learning expresses itself as sādhuvṛtta—inner restraint that prevents one from pursuing prohibited gains from improper sources. If someone knowingly persists in a forbidden act, the moral and karmic consequence belongs to the doer, not to the one who merely becomes an occasion for it.

A Śvapaca (Caṇḍāla) responds to a situation involving the taking of a prohibited substance (dog’s flesh). He argues that a genuinely wise and dharmic person would be checked by propriety itself; but if someone insists on taking it repeatedly—even if obtained via a physician—then that person must bear the resulting penalty, and the speaker disclaims blame.