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Shloka 27

Śaraṇāgata-Atithi-Dharma in the Kapota Narrative (कपोत-आख्यानम्—शरणागतधर्मः)

त्यक्त्वा दारांश्व पुत्रांश्व कस्मिंश्व॒ जनसंसदि । भक्ष्याभक्ष्यसमो भूत्वा निरग्निरनिकेतन:,उन्होंने अपनी पत्नी और पुत्रोंकोी किसी जन-समुदायमें छोड़ दिया और स्वयं अनग्निहोत्र तथा आश्रम त्यागकर भक्ष्य और अभक्ष्यमें समान भाव रखते हुए विचरने लगे

tyaktvā dārān ca putrān ca kasmiṁś ca jana-saṁsadi | bhakṣyābhakṣya-samo bhūtvā niragnir aniketanāḥ ||

Bhishma berkata: “Setelah meninggalkan isteri dan anak-anak—menempatkan mereka di suatu perhimpunan orang ramai—dia pun mengembara, melepaskan api suci rumah tangga dan segala tempat tinggal tetap, serta memandang sama rata apa yang boleh dimakan dan apa yang tidak boleh dimakan.”

त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
दारान्wives
दारान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कस्मिन्in some (place)
कस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जनसंसदिin an assembly of people
जनसंसदि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजनसंसद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भक्ष्याभक्ष्यसमःequal (in attitude) toward edible and inedible
भक्ष्याभक्ष्यसमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभक्ष्य-अभक्ष्य-सम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
निरग्निःwithout sacred fire (without maintaining fires)
निरग्निः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनिकेतनःhomeless; without a dwelling
अनिकेतनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिकेतन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
W
wife (dārāḥ)
S
sons (putrāḥ)
J
jana-saṁsad (public assembly)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches renunciant discipline: relinquishing household identity (family ties, sacred fires, fixed residence) and cultivating equanimity even toward socially coded distinctions like permissible vs. impermissible food—an ethical training in non-attachment and sameness of vision.

Bhīṣma describes an ascetic who leaves his family behind in a public setting and adopts a wandering life, no longer maintaining domestic rituals (agnihotra) or a home, and living with an even-minded attitude toward food categories.