Shloka 98

Dasyu-maryādā and Buddhi-guided Rāja-nīti (दस्युमर्यादा तथा बुद्धिप्रधान-राजनीति)

Devanagari script

भार्या देशो5थ मित्राणि पुत्रसम्बन्धिबान्धवा: । एते सर्वे गुणवति धर्मनेत्रे महीपतौ

Transliteration

bhāryā deśo 'tha mitrāṇi putra-sambandhi-bāndhavāḥ | ete sarve guṇavati dharma-netre mahīpatau |

Translation

Brahmadatta berkata: Apabila pemerintah sesebuah negeri berakhlak mulia dan dipandu oleh dharma, maka isteri, negeri, sahabat, anak-anak, serta kaum kerabat—semuanya berkembang dan dipenuhi sifat-sifat yang baik. Kebenaran raja menjadi paksi moral yang mengangkat budi pekerti dan kesejahteraan seluruh lingkungan masyarakat dan wilayahnya.

Word by Word

• भार्या: wife
• भार्या: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• देशः: country/land
• देशः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देश
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अथ: and/then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• मित्राणि: friends
• मित्राणि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• पुत्रसम्बन्धिबान्धवाः: kinsmen/relatives connected through sons (son-related relations)
• पुत्रसम्बन्धिबान्धवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र-सम्बन्धिन्-बान्धव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• गुणवति: in/when (someone) is virtuous
• गुणवति: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुणवत्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• धर्मनेत्रे: in/when (he) has dharma as his guide; dharma-guided
• धर्मनेत्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म-नेत्र
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• महीपतौ: in the king (lord of the earth)
• महीपतौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महीपति
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

ब्रह्मदत्त उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Brahmadatta
• mahīpati (king)
• deśa (realm/country)
• bhāryā (wife)
• mitra (friends)
• putra (sons)
• sambandhi-bāndhava (relatives/kinsmen)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The moral quality of governance shapes society: a king who is virtuous and dharma-guided uplifts the character and welfare of family, friends, kin, and the entire realm.

What is happening in the narrative?

Brahmadatta is stating a principle of rājadharma in the Shanti Parva: the ruler’s righteousness directly influences the prosperity and virtue of those connected to him and of the country he governs.