Shloka 42

Dasyu-maryādā and Buddhi-guided Rāja-nīti (दस्युमर्यादा तथा बुद्धिप्रधान-राजनीति)

Devanagari script

पूजन्युवाच वैरं पञ्चसमुत्थानं तच्च बुध्यन्ति पण्डिता: । स्त्रीकृतं वास्तुजं वाग्ज॑ं ससापत्नापराधजम्‌

Transliteration

pūjanī uvāca: vairaṁ pañcasamutthānaṁ tac ca budhyanti paṇḍitāḥ | strīkṛtaṁ vāstujaṁ vāgjaṁ sasāpatnāparādhajam ||

Translation

Pūjanī berkata: “Wahai Raja, permusuhan timbul daripada lima punca—demikianlah difahami dengan jelas oleh orang bijaksana. Ia lahir (1) kerana seorang wanita (persaingan merebut wanita), (2) kerana rumah, tanah atau harta, (3) kerana kata-kata yang keras dan melukai, (4) kerana kesalahan yang berkaitan dengan isteri sekutu (perseteruan dalam rumah tangga berpoligini), dan (5) kerana kesalahan lampau.”

Word by Word

• [{'term': 'vairaṁ', 'definition': 'enmity, hostility, feud'}, {'term': 'pañca-samutthānam', 'definition': 'having five origins

• arising from five causes'}, {'term': 'budhyanti', 'definition': 'understand, discern'}, {'term': 'paṇḍitāḥ', 'definition': 'the wise, learned persons'}, {'term': 'strīkṛtam', 'definition': 'caused by a woman

• arising from desire/competition involving a woman'}, {'term': 'vāstujam', 'definition': 'arising from vāstu: dwelling, house, land, property'}, {'term': 'vāgjam', 'definition': 'born of speech

• caused by words (especially harsh/insulting speech)'}, {'term': 'sasāpatnāparādhajam', 'definition': 'arising from an offense involving a co-wife (sapatnī)

• born of rivalry/resentment among co-wives'}, {'term': 'rājan', 'definition': 'O King (vocative address)'}]

Speaker

ब्रह्मदत्त उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Pūjanī
• King (Rājan)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Enmity is not random; it commonly springs from identifiable social triggers—sexual/romantic rivalry, disputes over property, injuries caused by harsh speech, domestic rivalry among co-wives, and lingering resentment from earlier wrongdoing. Recognizing these sources helps one prevent conflict through restraint, fairness, and accountability.

What is happening in the narrative?

Pūjanī addresses a king and classifies the typical roots of feuds into five categories, presenting a practical moral analysis of how quarrels begin and why wise people treat these causes with caution.