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Shloka 1

Ālasyadoṣa-nirdeśa (On the Fault of Negligence) — The Camel’s Long-Neck Exemplum

(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठका १ श्लोक मिलाकर कुल ९१ “लोक हैं।) ऑपनआक्राा बछ। अकाल दादशाधिकशततमो< ध्याय: एक तपस्वी ऊँटके आलस्यका कुपरिणाम और राजाका कर्तव्य युधिष्ठिर उदाच किं पार्थिवेन कर्तव्यं कि च कृत्वा सुखी भवेत्‌ । एतदाचक्ष्व तत्त्वेन सर्वधर्मभूतां वर,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--समस्त धर्मात्माओंमें श्रेष्ठ पितामह! राजाको क्‍या करना चाहिये? क्या करनेसे वह सुखी हो सकता है? यह मुझे यथार्थरूपसे बताइये?

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | kiṃ pārthivena kartavyaṃ kiṃ ca kṛtvā sukhī bhavet | etad ācakṣva tattvena sarvadharmabhṛtāṃ vara ||

Yudhiṣṭhira berkata: “Wahai yang terbaik antara semua penegak dharma, apakah yang harus dilakukan oleh seorang raja? Dan dengan melakukan apakah dia dapat menjadi benar-benar bahagia? Nyatakanlah kepadaku hal ini menurut kebenaran.”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पार्थिवेनby a king
पार्थिवेन:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कर्तव्यम्to be done; duty
कर्तव्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्तव्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
सुखीhappy
सुखी:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुखिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्might become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आचक्ष्वtell; explain
आचक्ष्व:
TypeVerb
Rootचक्ष्
FormImperative (Lot), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्त्वेनin truth; truly
तत्त्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सर्वधर्मभूतानाम्of all those who are devoted to dharma
सर्वधर्मभूतानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वधर्मभूत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वरO श्रेष्ठ one; O best
वर:
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīṣma
K
king (pārthiva)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames the central problem of rājadharma: a ruler’s true welfare (sukha) depends not on power alone but on performing what is right (kartavya) in alignment with dharma. It sets up Bhīṣma’s instruction that ethical governance is the path to both public good and the king’s own well-being.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Yudhiṣṭhira approaches Bhīṣma as the authoritative teacher of dharma and asks a direct, two-part question: what a king must do, and what conduct leads to lasting happiness. This initiates a discourse on the duties and ideals of kingship.