Shloka 47

Vyāghra–Gomāyu Saṃvāda (व्याघ्रगोमायु संवाद) — Testing Character Beneath Appearances

Devanagari script

समयोथ<यं कृतस्तेन साचिव्यमुपगच्छता । नोपघातत्त्वया कार्यो राजन्‌ मैत्रीमिहेच्छता

Transliteration

samayo 'tha ayaṁ kṛtas tena sācivyam upagacchatā | nopaghātas tvayā kāryo rājan maitrīm ihecchatā ||

Translation

Śārṭūla berkata: “Ketika dia mendekati tuanku untuk berkhidmat sebagai menteri, suatu perjanjian telah dibuat olehnya. Maka, wahai Raja, jika tuanku menghendaki persahabatan di sini, janganlah bertindak dengan cara yang memudaratkannya.”

Word by Word

• समयः: agreement, compact
• समयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: समय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृतः: made, concluded
• कृतः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

• तेन: by him/thereby
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• साचिव्यम्: friendship; alliance; companionship
• साचिव्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: साचिव्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उपगच्छता: by (one) approaching/entering into
• उपगच्छता: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: उपगम् (उप + गम्)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• उपघातः: harm, injury
• उपघातः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपघात
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Masculine/Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• कार्यः: to be done; should be done
• कार्यः: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (तव्यत्/यत् sense: to be done)

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• मैत्रीम्: friendship
• मैत्रीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मैत्री
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इह: here; in this matter
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• इच्छता: by (one) desiring
• इच्छता: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष् (इच्छ्)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)

Speaker

शार्टूल उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śārṭūla
• rājan (the king addressed)
• a prospective/serving minister (implicit: the one who approached for sācivya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A king who seeks friendship must honor prior agreements and avoid harming the person who entered service under that compact; political relationships are to be governed by fidelity to samaya (pledged terms) and non-injury.

What is happening in the narrative?

Śārṭūla reminds the king that when the other party came to take up ministerial service, a clear understanding was established; therefore the king should not undermine or injure him if he truly intends to maintain amity.