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Shloka 19

Gaṇānāṃ Vṛttiḥ — On the Sustenance and Cohesion of Assemblies

Gaṇa-nīti

चारमन्त्रविधानेषु कोशसंनिचयेषु च । नित्ययुक्ता महाबाहो वर्धन्ते सर्वती गणा:,महाबाहु युधिष्ठिर! गणराज्यके नागरिक गुप्तचर या दूतका काम करने, राज्यके हितके लिये गुप्त मन्त्रणा करने, विधान बनाने तथा राज्यके लिये कोश-संग्रह करने आदिके लिये सदा उद्यत रहते हैं, इसीलिये सब ओरसे उनकी उन्नति होती है

cāramantravidhāneṣu kośasaṃnicayeṣu ca | nityayuktā mahābāho vardhante sarvatī gaṇāḥ ||

Bhishma berkata: Wahai Yudhishthira yang berlengan perkasa, apabila anggota-anggota sebuah republik sentiasa tekun dalam kerja risikan dan diplomasi, dalam musyawarah sulit demi maslahat negara, dalam menggubal peraturan, serta dalam mengumpulkan perbendaharaan, maka mereka makmur dari segala arah. Makna dharmanya ialah: kewaspadaan bersama, nasihat yang berdisiplin, dan kewangan awam yang mantap merupakan asas sebuah polity yang subur dan berjaya.

चारमन्त्रविधानेषुin the arrangements of spies, counsel, and legislation
चारमन्त्रविधानेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootचार-मन्त्र-विधान
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
कोशसंनिचयेषुin the accumulation of the treasury
कोशसंनिचयेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकोश-संनिचय
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नित्ययुक्ताःalways engaged/ever intent
नित्ययुक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्ययुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वर्धन्तेthey prosper/increase
वर्धन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
सर्वतःfrom all sides / in every way
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
गणाःthe groups/assemblies (republican bodies)
गणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
G
gaṇa (republic/assembly)
K
kośa (treasury)
C
cāra (spies/intelligence agents)

Educational Q&A

A polity—especially a gaṇa or republic—prospers when its members are consistently disciplined in (1) intelligence and diplomacy, (2) confidential policy deliberation aimed at public welfare, (3) sound lawmaking/administration, and (4) careful accumulation and protection of the treasury.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira about the practical causes of a state’s stability and growth, highlighting how organized collective effort in counsel, legislation, intelligence, and finance leads to all-round prosperity for a republican assembly.