Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 31

अध्याय ४ — दुर्योधनस्य असंधि-निश्चयः

Duryodhana’s Refusal of Reconciliation

दुःशासनश्र ते भ्राता भ्रातृभि: सहित: क्व नु । बाणगोचरसम्प्राप्त॑ प्रेक्ष्य चैव जयद्रथम्‌,“उस दिन जयद्रथको अर्जुनके बाणोंका निशाना बनते देखकर भी तुम्हारा कर्ण कहाँ चला गया था? अपने अनुयायियोंके साथ आचार्य द्रोण कहाँ थे? मैं कहाँ था? तुम कहाँ थे? कृतवर्मा कहाँ चले गये थे और भाइयोंसहित तुम्हारा भ्राता दुःशासन भी कहाँ था?

duḥśāsanaś ca te bhrātā bhrātṛbhiḥ sahitaḥ kva nu | bāṇagocarasamprāptaṁ prekṣya caiva jayadratham ||

Sañjaya berkata: “Dan di manakah Duḥśāsana, saudaramu, bersama saudara-saudaranya? Ketika mereka menyaksikan Jayadratha telah masuk ke dalam jangkauan anak panah Arjuna, di manakah mereka?”

दुःशासनःDuhshasana
दुःशासनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
भ्राताbrother
भ्राता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भ्रातृभिःwith (his) brothers
भ्रातृभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहितःaccompanied (together)
सहितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्वwhere
क्व:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
बाणarrow
बाण:
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, —, —
गोचरrange/field (of sight/reach)
गोचर:
TypeNoun
Rootगोचर
FormMasculine, —, —
सम्प्राप्तम्having come into/reached
सम्प्राप्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-प्र-आप् (सम्प्राप्त)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
बाणगोचरसम्प्राप्तम्having come within arrow-range
बाणगोचरसम्प्राप्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबाणगोचरसम्प्राप्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रेक्ष्यhaving seen
प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ईक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), —, —
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
जयद्रथम्Jayadratha
जयद्रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजयद्रथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duḥśāsana
J
Jayadratha
A
Arjuna
K
Kaurava brothers (implied by bhrātṛbhiḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores accountability in war and leadership: when a decisive moment arrives (an enemy exposed within striking range), absence or inaction by responsible warriors becomes a moral and strategic failure, inviting blame and reflection on neglected duty (dharma).

Sañjaya, reporting to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, reproachfully asks where Duḥśāsana and the other Kaurava brothers were when Jayadratha came within Arjuna’s arrow-range—implying that they failed to protect or respond at a critical juncture.