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Shloka 60

Dvaipāyana-hrade Duryodhanasya Māyā — Yudhiṣṭhirasya Dharmoktiḥ (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 30)

यौधिष्ठिरस्य सैन्यस्य श्रुत्वा शब्दं महारथा: । कृतवर्मा कृपो द्रौणी राजानमिदमन्रुवन्‌,वे महान्‌ शंखनाद तथा रथके पहियोंकी घर्घराहटसे पृथ्वीको कैँपाते और धूलका महान्‌ ढेर ऊपर उड़ाते हुए वहाँ आये थे। युधिष्ठिरकी सेनाका कोलाहल सुनकर कृततवर्मा, कृपाचार्य और अश्व॒त्थामा तीनों महारथी राजा दुर्योधनसे इस प्रकार बोले--

sañjaya uvāca | yudhiṣṭhirasya sainyasya śrutvā śabdaṃ mahārathāḥ | kṛtavarmā kṛpo drauṇī rājānam idam anruvan |

Sañjaya berkata: Mendengar bunyi gemuruh tentera Yudhiṣṭhira, para pahlawan kereta perang agung—Kṛtavarmā, Kṛpa dan putera Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā)—berkata kepada Raja Duryodhana dengan kata-kata ini.

युधिष्ठिरस्यof Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सैन्यस्यof the army
सैन्यस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
शब्दम्sound, noise
शब्दम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महारथाःgreat chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कृतवर्माKṛtavarmā
कृतवर्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृतवर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृपःKṛpa
कृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रौणीDrauṇi (Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa)
द्रौणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजानम्the king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इदम्this, thus
इदम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम)
Formused adverbially with speech: 'this (thus)'
अन्रुवन्they said, they addressed
अन्रुवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + ब्रू (धातु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira's army
K
Kṛtavarmā
K
Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
D
Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā)
K
King Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

Even in a war narrative, the verse highlights the ethical weight of counsel and leadership: the collective roar of battle is not merely noise but a summons to decision, responsibility, and discernment. Elders and champions must speak frankly to the ruler, whose choices affect the fate of many.

Sañjaya reports that Kṛtavarmā, Kṛpa, and Aśvatthāmā hear the loud commotion from Yudhiṣṭhira’s forces and then turn to address King Duryodhana, setting up their advice or reaction to the developing situation on the battlefield.