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Shloka 48

द्वैपायनह्रदे दुर्योधनान्वेषणम् / The Search for Duryodhana at Dvaipāyana Lake

त्रयः किल रथा: शिष्टास्तावकानां नराधिप । इति प्रस्थानकाले मां कृष्णद्वेपायनोडब्रवीत्‌,मैंने भी जो कुछ आँखों देखा था, वह सब कुछ उसे इस प्रकार बताया--“नरेश्वर! तुम्हारे सारे भाई मार डाले गये और समस्त सेनाका भी संहार हो गया। रणभूमिसे प्रस्थान करते समय व्यासजीने मुझसे कहा था कि “तुम्हारे पक्षमें तीन ही महारथी बच गये हैं!

trayaḥ kila rathāḥ śiṣṭās tāvakānāṃ narādhipa | iti prasthānakāle māṃ kṛṣṇadvaipāyano 'bravīt ||

Sañjaya berkata: “Wahai raja, di pihak tuanku dikatakan hanya tinggal tiga pahlawan kereta perang. Demikianlah, ketika aku berangkat meninggalkan medan perang, Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa) berkata kepadaku.”

त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
किलindeed/it is said
किल:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिल
रथाःchariot-warriors/chariots
रथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शिष्टाःremaining/left
शिष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशिष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तावकानाम्of your side/your people
तावकानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
नराधिपO king (lord of men)
नराधिप:
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
इतिthus/quoting
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
प्रस्थानकालेat the time of departure
प्रस्थानकाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रस्थानकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
कृष्णद्वैपायनःKrishna-Dvaipayana (Vyasa)
कृष्णद्वैपायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्णद्वैपायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra (naradhipa)
K
Krishna Dvaipayana (Vyasa)
K
Kauravas (tavakanam)
C
chariot-warriors (rathah)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical consequence of war: when conflict is pursued through pride and adharma, the result is catastrophic loss, leaving only a remnant. It invites reflection on responsibility, restraint, and the heavy cost borne by families and kingdoms.

Sanjaya reports to King Dhritarashtra that, according to Vyasa’s statement made as they were leaving the battlefield, only three chariot-warriors on the Kaurava side remain alive—signaling the near-complete annihilation of Dhritarashtra’s forces.