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Shloka 45

द्वैपायनह्रदे दुर्योधनान्वेषणम् / The Search for Duryodhana at Dvaipāyana Lake

(यस्य मूर्थाभिषिक्तानां सहस्नं मणिमौलिनाम्‌ । आह्वत्य च करं सर्व स्वस्य वै वशमागतम्‌ ।। चतु:सागरपर्यन्ता पृथिवी रत्नभूषिता । कर्णेनैकेन यस्यार्थे करमाहारिता पुरा ।। यस्याज्ञा परराष्ट्रेषु कर्णेनिव प्रसारिता । नाभवद्‌ यस्य शस्त्रेषु खेदो राज्ञ: प्रशासत: ।। आसीनो हास्तिनपुरे क्षेमं राज्यमकण्टकम्‌ | अन्वपालयदैश्वर्यात्‌ कुबेरमपि नास्मरत्‌ ।। भवनाद्‌ भवन राजन प्रयातु: पृथिवीपते । देवालयप्रवेशे च पन्था यस्य हिरण्मय: ।। आरुह्दैरावतप्रख्यं नागमिन्द्रसमो बली । विभूत्या सुमहत्या यः प्रयाति पृथिवीपति: ।। त॑ भृशक्षतमिन्द्राभं पदभ्यामेव धरातले । तिष्ठन्तमेकं दृष्टवा तु ममाभूत्‌ क्लेश उत्तम: ।। तस्य चैवंविधस्यास्य जगन्नाथस्य भूपते: । विपदप्रतिमाभूद्‌ या बलीयान्‌ विधिरेव हि ।।) मस्तकपर मुकुट धारण करनेवाले सहसौरों मूर्धाभिषिक्त नरेश जिसके लिये भेंट लाकर देते थे और वे सब-के-सब जिसकी अधीनता स्वीकार कर चुके थे, पूर्वकालमें एकमात्र वीर कर्णने जिसके लिये चारों समुद्रोंतक फैली हुई इस रत्नभूषित पृथ्वीसे कर वसूल किया था, कर्णने ही दूसरे राष्ट्रों जिसकी आज्ञाका प्रसार किया था, जिस राजाको राज्य-शासन करते समय कभी हथियार उठानेका कष्ट नहीं सहन करना पड़ा था, जो हस्तिनापुरमें ही रहकर अपने कल्याणमय निष्कण्टक राज्यका निरन्तर पालन करता था, जिसने अपने ऐश्वर्यसे कुबेरको भी भुला दिया था, राजन! पृथ्वीनाथ! एक घरसे दूसरे घरमें जाने अथवा देवालयमें प्रवेश करनेके हेतु जिसके लिये सुवर्णमय मार्ग बनाया गया था, जो इन्द्रके समान बलवान्‌ भूपाल ऐरावतके समान कान्तिमान्‌ गजराजपर आरूढ़ हो महान्‌ ऐश्वर्यके साथ यात्रा करता था, उसी इन्द्र-तुल्य तेजस्वी राजा दुर्योधनको अत्यन्त घायल हो पाँव-पयादे ही पृथ्वीपर अकेला खड़ा देख मुझे महान्‌ क्लेश हुआ। ऐसे प्रतापी और सम्पूर्ण जगत्‌के स्वामी इस भूपालको जो अनुपम विपत्ति प्राप्त हुई, उसे देखकर कहना पड़ता है कि “विधाता ही सबसे बड़ा बलवान है'। ततोअस्मै तदहं सर्वमुक्तवान्‌ ग्रहणं तदा । द्वैपायनप्रसादाच्च जीवतो मोक्षमाहवे,तत्पश्चात्‌ मैंने युद्धमें अपने पकड़े जाने और व्यासजीकी कृपासे जीवित छूटनेका सारा समाचार उससे कह सुनाया

yasya mūrdhābhiṣiktānāṃ sahasraṃ maṇimaulinām | āhṛtya ca karaṃ sarve svasya vai vaśam āgatam || catuḥsāgaraparyantā pṛthivī ratnabhūṣitā | karṇenaikena yasyārthe karam āhāritā purā || yasyājñā pararāṣṭreṣu karṇeneva prasāritā | nābhavad yasya śastreṣu khedo rājñaḥ praśāsataḥ || āsīno hāstinapure kṣemaṃ rājyam akaṇṭakam | anvapālayad aiśvaryāt kuberaṃ api nāsmarat || bhavanād bhavanaṃ rājan prayātuḥ pṛthivīpate | devālayapraveśe ca panthā yasya hiraṇmayaḥ || ārūhya airāvataprakhyaṃ nāgam indrasamo balī | vibhūtyā sumahatyā yaḥ prayāti pṛthivīpatiḥ || taṃ bhṛśakṣatam indrābhaṃ padabhyām eva dharātale | tiṣṭhantam ekaṃ dṛṣṭvā tu mamābhūt kleśa uttamaḥ || tasya caivaṃvidhasyāsya jagannāthasya bhūpateḥ | vipad apratimābhūd yā balīyān vidhir eva hi || tato 'smai tad ahaṃ sarvam uktavān grahaṇaṃ tadā | dvaipāyanaprasādāc ca jīvato mokṣam āhave ||

Sañjaya berkata: “Dia yang untuknya beribu-ribu raja yang telah ditahbiskan, kepala mereka bertatah mahkota permata, membawa ufti dan menerima ketundukan; yang demi dirinya Karṇa seorang diri dahulu memungut cukai dari bumi berhias ratna yang dibatasi empat lautan; yang perintahnya disebarkan Karṇa ke negeri-negeri lain; yang ketika memerintah tidak pernah perlu letih mengangkat senjata; yang duduk di Hastināpura namun memelihara kerajaan yang aman, tanpa duri dan gangguan, hingga dengan kemegahannya membuat Kubera sendiri seakan terlupa; yang untuknya, wahai raja, penguasa bumi, dibentangkan jalan-jalan emas dari rumah ke rumah bahkan hingga ke pintu kuil para dewa; yang gagah seperti Indra, menunggang gajah laksana Airāvata dan berangkat dengan kebesaran yang amat agung— “Namun ketika aku melihat Duryodhana yang bercahaya seperti Indra itu, parah terluka, berdiri seorang diri di tanah yang gersang dengan kakinya sendiri, aku dilanda dukacita yang besar. Bahawa seorang tuan dunia yang demikian perkasa ditimpa malapetaka tiada bandingan menunjukkan bahawa Takdir sahajalah yang lebih kuat. “Kemudian aku ceritakan kepadanya semuanya—bagaimana aku ditawan, dan bagaimana, dengan rahmat Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa), aku dilepaskan hidup-hidup dari medan perang.”

यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
मूर्धाभिषिक्तानाम्of the consecrated (crowned) kings
मूर्धाभिषिक्तानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootमूर्धाभिषिक्त
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सहस्रम्a thousand
सहस्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
मणिमौलिनाम्of those with jeweled diadems
मणिमौलिनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootमणिमौलिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
आहूयhaving summoned
आहूय:
Kriya-vishesana
TypeVerb
Rootआह्वा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
करम्tribute/tax
करम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वेall (of them)
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्वस्यof him/one’s own
स्वस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
वशम्control, subjection
वशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आगतम्having come; having submitted
आगतम्:
Kriya (predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम्
FormPast passive participle
चतुःfour
चतुः:
TypeNumeral
Rootचतुर्
सागरocean
सागर:
TypeNoun
Rootसागर
FormMasculine
पर्यन्ताbounded by, extending up to
पर्यन्ता:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर्यन्त
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पृथिवीthe earth
पृथिवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
रत्नभूषिताadorned with jewels
रत्नभूषिता:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootरत्नभूषित
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णेनby Karna
कर्णेन:
Karana
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एकेनby one alone
एकेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective/Numeral
Rootएक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
यस्यfor whom/whose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अर्थेfor the sake (of)
अर्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
करम्tribute/tax
करम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आहारिताwas collected/brought
आहारिता:
Kriya (predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-हृ
FormPast passive participle (agentive sense)
पुराformerly
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
आज्ञाcommand
आज्ञा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआज्ञा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
परराष्ट्रेषुin other kingdoms
परराष्ट्रेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपरराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
कर्णेनby Karna
कर्णेन:
Karana
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
प्रसारिताwas spread/extended
प्रसारिता:
Kriya (predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-सर्
FormPast passive participle
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभवत्was, occurred
अभवत्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect, 3, Singular
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
शस्त्रेषुin weapons; regarding arms
शस्त्रेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
खेदःfatigue, distress
खेदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootखेद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्रशासतःwhile ruling
प्रशासतः:
Kriya-vishesana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-शास्
FormPresent active participle
आसीनःsitting, remaining
आसीनः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआस्
FormPast active participle
हास्तिनपुरेin Hastinapura
हास्तिनपुरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootहास्तिनपुर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
क्षेमम्secure, prosperous
क्षेमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootक्षेम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राज्यम्kingdom
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अकण्टकम्free of thorns; untroubled
अकण्टकम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootअकण्टक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्वपालयत्protected, governed
अन्वपालयत्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-पाल्
FormImperfect, 3, Singular
ऐश्वर्यात्due to (his) sovereignty/wealth
ऐश्वर्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootऐश्वर्य
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
कुबेरम्Kubera
कुबेरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootकुबेर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्मरत्remembered
अस्मरत्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
FormImperfect, 3, Singular
भवनात्from a house
भवनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभवन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
भवनम्to a house
भवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभवन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (Vocative)
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रयातुःof one going, of one proceeding
प्रयातुः:
Sambandha
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या
FormPresent active participle (genitive singular)
पृथिवीपतेO lord of the earth
पृथिवीपते:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (Vocative)
Rootपृथिवीपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
देवालयtemple
देवालय:
TypeNoun
Rootदेवालय
FormMasculine
प्रवेशेin entering; for entry
प्रवेशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवेश
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पन्थाःpath
पन्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
हिरण्मयःgolden
हिरण्मयः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootहिरण्मय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आरुह्यhaving mounted
आरुह्य:
Kriya-vishesana
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुह्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
ऐरावतप्रख्यम्resembling Airavata
ऐरावतप्रख्यम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootऐरावतप्रख्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
नागम्elephant
नागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इन्द्रसमःequal to Indra
इन्द्रसमः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootइन्द्रसम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बलीstrong
बली:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विभूत्याwith splendor
विभूत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविभूति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सुमहत्याvery great
सुमहत्या:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमहत्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रयातिgoes forth, proceeds
प्रयाति:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या
FormPresent, 3, Singular
पृथिवीपतिःthe lord of the earth (king)
पृथिवीपतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवीपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भृशक्षतम्severely wounded
भृशक्षतम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootभृशक्षत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इन्द्राभम्Indra-like, radiant like Indra
इन्द्राभम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootइन्द्राभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पदभ्याम्with (his) feet
पदभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपद
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Dual
एवonly, indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
धरातलेon the ground
धरातले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधरातल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तिष्ठन्तम्standing
तिष्ठन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormPresent active participle
एकम्alone
एकम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Kriya-vishesana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
ममof me; to me
मम:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
अभूत्arose, happened
अभूत्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormAorist, 3, Singular
क्लेशःanguish
क्लेशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्लेश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उत्तमःgreat, intense
उत्तमः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवंविधस्यof such a one
एवंविधस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootएवंविध
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अस्यof this (man)
अस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
जगन्नाथस्यof the lord of the world
जगन्नाथस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootजगन्नाथ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भूपतेःof the king
भूपतेः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootभूपति
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विपत्calamity
विपत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविपद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतिमाunparalleled; like an image (here: comparable to none)
प्रतिमा:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootप्रतिमा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अभूत्became, occurred
अभूत्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormAorist, 3, Singular
याwhich
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
बलीयान्stronger
बलीयान्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective (comparative)
Rootबलिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विधिःfate, ordinance
विधिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor, indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अस्मैto him
अस्मै:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
सर्वम्all (of it)
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Pronoun
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उक्तवान्told, said
उक्तवान्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect active participle
ग्रहणम्seizure, capture
ग्रहणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootग्रहण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
द्वैपायनDvaipayana (Vyasa)
द्वैपायन:
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootद्वैपायन
FormMasculine
प्रसादात्by the grace (of)
प्रसादात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रसाद
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जीवतःof (me) living; alive
जीवतः:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective (participle used as noun)
Rootजीवत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मोक्षम्release, escape
मोक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आहवेin battle
आहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआहव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
K
Karṇa
H
Hastināpura
K
Kubera
I
Indra
A
Airāvata
D
Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa)
F
four oceans (catuḥ-sāgara)

Educational Q&A

Worldly sovereignty—tribute, wealth, and ceremonial grandeur—cannot shield anyone from reversal; the passage underscores the Mahābhārata’s recurring insight that ‘vidhi’ (destiny/time) can overpower even the most exalted ruler, urging humility and detachment from pride in power.

Sañjaya describes Duryodhana’s former imperial magnificence—kings paying tribute, Karṇa enforcing his authority, golden pathways, elephant processions—and contrasts it with the present scene: Duryodhana stands alone and badly wounded on the ground. Moved by grief, Sañjaya then reports that he told Duryodhana how he had been captured and later spared alive through Vyāsa’s grace.