Shloka 19

समुद्रकल्पं च बल धार्तराष्ट्रस्य माधव । अस्मानासाद्य संजातं गोष्पदोपममच्युत,“माधव! अच्युत! दुर्योधनकी समुद्र-जैसी अनन्त सेना हमलोगोंसे टक्कर लेकर आज गायकी खुरीके समान हो गयी है

samudrakalpaṃ ca balaṃ dhārtarāṣṭrasya mādhava | asmān āsādya saṃjātaṃ goṣpadopamam acyuta ||

Sañjaya berkata: “Wahai Mādhava, wahai Acyuta! Angkatan Dhārtarāṣṭra—yang dahulu luas bagaikan lautan—setelah bertembung dengan kami, kini menjadi sekecil jejak tapak kuku lembu.”

समुद्रकल्पम्ocean-like
समुद्रकल्पम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमुद्रकल्प
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बलम्army, force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्रस्यof Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana)
धार्तराष्ट्रस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
माधवO Mādhava
माधव:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootमाधव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Plural
आसाद्यhaving encountered/attacked
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here), —
संजातम्has become
संजातम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-√जन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
गोष्पदोपमम्like a cow’s hoofprint (tiny)
गोष्पदोपमम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगोष्पदोपम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अच्युतO Acyuta
अच्युत:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootअच्युत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)
A
Acyuta (Kṛṣṇa)
D
Dhārtarāṣṭra host (Kaurava army)
D
Duryodhana (implied by 'Dhārtarāṣṭrasya')
O
Ocean (metaphor)
C
Cow’s hoofprint (metaphor)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the impermanence of worldly power: even an army that appears limitless can swiftly shrink when confronted by determined opponents and the larger moral-cosmic momentum of the war. The ocean-to-hoofprint contrast highlights how pride in sheer numbers can collapse into insignificance.

Sañjaya reports to Kṛṣṇa (addressed as Mādhava and Acyuta) that the Kaurava force, once immense, has been drastically diminished after engaging the Pāṇḍavas’ side—suggesting heavy losses and a turning of the tide in the battle.