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Shloka 9

Śālva’s Elephant Assault and the Counterstroke (शाल्वस्य नागारूढाभ्यवहारः)

अश्वानन्ये गजानन्ये रथानन्ये महारथा: । आरुहा[ जवसम्पन्ना: पादाता: प्राद्रवंस्तथा

aśvān anye gajān anye rathān anye mahārathāḥ | ārūhya javasampannāḥ pādātāḥ prādravan tathā ||

Sañjaya berkata: Ada yang menaiki kuda, ada yang menaiki gajah, dan ada yang memanjat ke atas kereta perang. Para maharatha, demikian juga infantri yang pantas, lalu meluru ke hadapan—masing-masing mengambil tunggangan perangnya sendiri.

अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गजान्elephants
गजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथान्chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महारथाःgreat chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आरुह्यhaving mounted
आरुह्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुह्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here), Invariable
जवसम्पन्नाःendowed with speed
जवसम्पन्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजवसम्पन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पादाताःfoot-soldiers
पादाताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपादात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्राद्रवन्ran forth / rushed
प्राद्रवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आ-द्रु
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तथाlikewise / also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
Formtrue

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
H
horses
E
elephants
C
chariots
M
mahārathas (great warriors)
I
infantry (pādātāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined readiness in war: each fighter takes up the appropriate role—horse, elephant, chariot, or foot—showing coordinated action and the kṣatriya ideal of prompt engagement in one’s appointed duty.

Sañjaya reports the armies’ movement as the battle intensifies: warriors mount their respective vehicles while swift infantry run forward, indicating a collective advance into combat.